My little menu

[Unseen Machine]

Nicely done, I love seeing how we all code so differently...I got me old Menu system from GDK and with Google made it this...hopefully youll be able to glean something from it...works with mouse and KB, title of the window returns the selected item...

Code: (Select All)

'///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

'// PRO-CODER MENU SYSTEM (2025 EDITION)

'// Features: Keyboard Debouncing, Mouse Hover/Click, Mouse Wheel, Dynamic Alignment

'///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////



'--- STRUCTURES ---



TYPE GDK_Vector_2D

    x AS SINGLE

    y AS SINGLE

END TYPE



TYPE GDK_Mouse_State

    X AS INTEGER

    Y AS INTEGER

    L AS _BYTE      ' Left Button

    R AS _BYTE      ' Right Button

    Wheel AS INTEGER ' Scroll Delta

END TYPE



TYPE GDK_Menu

    Position AS GDK_Vector_2D

    Fnt AS LONG

    OFF_CLR AS _UNSIGNED LONG

    ON_CLR AS _UNSIGNED LONG

    Entries AS _UNSIGNED _BYTE

    Ref AS _UNSIGNED _BYTE    ' The index of the currently selected/highlighted item

    Min_Ref AS _UNSIGNED _BYTE ' The index of the first item visible in the "window"

    Max_Ref AS _UNSIGNED _BYTE ' How many items to show at once (scrolling window size)

    Alignment AS _BYTE        ' -1 = Left, 0 = Center, 1 = Right

    LastInput AS SINGLE        ' Timer used to slow down keyboard repeats

    InputDelay AS SINGLE      ' Seconds to wait between keyboard inputs (e.g., 0.15)

END TYPE



'///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////



' Global Mouse State (0 = Current Frame, 1 = Previous Frame)

' This allows us to detect "Clicks" (was not pressed last frame, is pressed this frame)

DIM SHARED GDK_Mouse(1) AS GDK_Mouse_State



SCREEN _NEWIMAGE(800, 600, 32)



'--- MENU SETUP ---

DIM MainMenu AS GDK_Menu

DIM MainStr(10) AS STRING * 32 ' Fixed length strings for memory safety

DIM MenuFnt&



' Load a standard system font

MenuFnt& = _LOADFONT("C:\windows\fonts\arial.ttf", 22)



' Populate Menu Data

MainStr(0) = "Resume Mission"

MainStr(1) = "New Campaign"

MainStr(2) = "Load Game"

MainStr(3) = "Display Settings"

MainStr(4) = "Audio Mix"

MainStr(5) = "Controller Config"

MainStr(6) = "Online Lobby"

MainStr(7) = "Credits"

MainStr(8) = "Bug Reporter"

MainStr(9) = "Privacy Policy"

MainStr(10) = "Exit to Desktop"



' Initialize: X=400, Y=150, Total=11, Align=0(Center), Font, HoverColor, IdleColor, WindowSize=6

GDK_Menu_New MainMenu, 400, 150, 11, 0, MenuFnt&, _RGB32(255, 255, 0), _RGB32(255, 255, 255), 6



'///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////



DO

    _LIMIT 60 ' Limit loop to 60 FPS

    CLS



    GDK_Update_Mouse 

    GDK_Menu_Update MainMenu, MainStr()



    ' Handle Selection (Enter Key or Left Mouse Click)

    IF _KEYDOWN(13) OR (GDK_Mouse(0).L AND NOT GDK_Mouse(1).L) THEN

        ' PRO TIP: You would use a SELECT CASE MainMenu.Ref here to trigger game actions

        _TITLE "Selected: " + LTRIM$(RTRIM$(MainStr(MainMenu.Ref)))

    END IF



    GDK_Menu_Render MainMenu, MainStr()



    _DISPLAY

LOOP UNTIL INKEY$ = CHR$(27) ' Exit on Escape



'///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////



' Constructor for the Menu Object

SUB GDK_Menu_New (Menu AS GDK_Menu, x%, y%, Entries~%%, Alignment%%, Fnt&, Clr_On~&, Clr_Off~&, Max~%%)

    Menu.Position.x = x%

    Menu.Position.y = y%

    Menu.Entries = Entries~%%

    Menu.Alignment = Alignment%%

    Menu.Ref = 0

    Menu.Min_Ref = 0

    Menu.Max_Ref = Max~%%

    Menu.OFF_CLR = Clr_Off~&

    Menu.ON_CLR = Clr_On~&

    Menu.Fnt = Fnt&

    Menu.InputDelay = 0.15 ' Default debounce speed

END SUB



' Handles all Input logic

SUB GDK_Menu_Update (Menu AS GDK_Menu, Strings() AS STRING * 32)

    _FONT Menu.Fnt

    LOCAL_H = _FONTHEIGHT(Menu.Fnt) + 6 ' Vertical spacing including padding

    

    ' 1. KEYBOARD NAVIGATION (with Debounce)

    ' This prevents the selection from "flying" past options when holding a key

    IF TIMER - Menu.LastInput > Menu.InputDelay THEN

        IF _KEYDOWN(18432) THEN ' Arrow Up

            Menu.Ref = (Menu.Ref + Menu.Entries - 1) MOD Menu.Entries

            Menu.LastInput = TIMER

        ELSEIF _KEYDOWN(20480) THEN ' Arrow Down

            Menu.Ref = (Menu.Ref + 1) MOD Menu.Entries

            Menu.LastInput = TIMER

        END IF

    END IF



    ' 2. MOUSE WHEEL NAVIGATION

    ' Wheel logic is "clamped" (doesn't wrap) for better user feel in long lists

    IF GDK_Mouse(0).Wheel <> 0 THEN

        IF GDK_Mouse(0).Wheel < 0 AND Menu.Ref > 0 THEN Menu.Ref = Menu.Ref - 1

        IF GDK_Mouse(0).Wheel > 0 AND Menu.Ref < Menu.Entries - 1 THEN Menu.Ref = Menu.Ref + 1

    END IF



    ' 3. MOUSE HOVER NAVIGATION

    ' We calculate a "Bounding Box" for every visible menu item

    FOR i = 0 TO Menu.Max_Ref - 1

        currIdx = Menu.Min_Ref + i

        IF currIdx >= Menu.Entries THEN EXIT FOR

        

        txt$ = RTRIM$(Strings(currIdx))

        tw = _PRINTWIDTH(txt$) ' Get width in pixels for current font

        

        ' Calculate X boundaries based on Alignment

        SELECT CASE Menu.Alignment

            CASE -1: x1 = Menu.Position.x: x2 = x1 + tw          ' Left

            CASE 0:  x1 = Menu.Position.x - (tw / 2): x2 = x1 + tw ' Center

            CASE 1:  x1 = Menu.Position.x - tw: x2 = Menu.Position.x ' Right

        END SELECT

        

        ' Calculate Y boundaries

        y1 = Menu.Position.y + (i * LOCAL_H)

        y2 = y1 + LOCAL_H



        ' Check if mouse is inside this item's box

        IF GDK_Mouse(0).X >= x1 AND GDK_Mouse(0).X <= x2 AND GDK_Mouse(0).Y >= y1 AND GDK_Mouse(0).Y <= y2 THEN

            ' Only change Ref if mouse actually moves. 

            ' This allows keyboard/wheel selection to stay put even if the mouse is sitting on the screen.

            IF GDK_Mouse(0).X <> GDK_Mouse(1).X OR GDK_Mouse(0).Y <> GDK_Mouse(1).Y THEN

                Menu.Ref = currIdx

            END IF

        END IF

    NEXT



    ' 4. SCROLLING VIEWPORT LOGIC

    ' This keeps the "Selected" item inside the visible window of items

    IF Menu.Ref < Menu.Min_Ref THEN

        Menu.Min_Ref = Menu.Ref

    ELSEIF Menu.Ref >= Menu.Min_Ref + Menu.Max_Ref THEN

        Menu.Min_Ref = Menu.Ref - Menu.Max_Ref + 1

    END IF

END SUB



' Handles all Visual logic

SUB GDK_Menu_Render (Menu AS GDK_Menu, Strings() AS STRING * 32)

    _FONT Menu.Fnt

    LineHeight% = _FONTHEIGHT(Menu.Fnt) + 6

    

    FOR i = 0 TO Menu.Max_Ref - 1

        Mnu% = Menu.Min_Ref + i

        IF Mnu% >= Menu.Entries THEN EXIT FOR



        txt$ = RTRIM$(Strings(Mnu%))

        currY% = Menu.Position.y + (i * LineHeight%)



        ' Set colors based on selection

        IF Mnu% = Menu.Ref THEN

            COLOR Menu.ON_CLR

        ELSE

            COLOR Menu.OFF_CLR

        END IF



        ' Render text based on Alignment setting

        SELECT CASE Menu.Alignment

            CASE -1 ' Left Align

                _PRINTSTRING (Menu.Position.x, currY%), txt$

            CASE 0 ' Center Align

                _PRINTSTRING (Menu.Position.x - (_PRINTWIDTH(txt$) / 2), currY%), txt$

            CASE 1 ' Right Align

                _PRINTSTRING (Menu.Position.x - _PRINTWIDTH(txt$), currY%), txt$

        END SELECT

    NEXT

END SUB



' Collects Mouse Data and saves previous state

SUB GDK_Update_Mouse

    GDK_Mouse(1) = GDK_Mouse(0) ' Store last frame for click detection

    GDK_Mouse(0).Wheel = 0      ' Reset wheel delta per frame

    

    DO WHILE _MOUSEINPUT

        GDK_Mouse(0).L = _MOUSEBUTTON(1)

        GDK_Mouse(0).X = _MOUSEX

        GDK_Mouse(0).Y = _MOUSEY

        GDK_Mouse(0).Wheel = GDK_Mouse(0).Wheel + _MOUSEWHEEL

    LOOP

END SUB

Happy Coding

Unseen

[Pete]

Neat job! You might want to consider changing this...

1) Put mouse on entry #8 and keep it there.
2) Use the arrow keys to go up and highlight entry #2.
3) Without moving the mouse, make a left click.

Now we clicked 8 but since 2 was highlighted, it returned #2.

If you want it that way, great, but if not, just allow a click to first reposition the highlighting to the mouse row, and then your click will return the entry of the mouse row.

Pete

[Unseen Machine]

Are you suggesting that when a menu is active (will need a new flag) that the mouse auto locates itself to the highlighted position? If so, i can see that...also should mouse and KB then be synced? Ie, the KB moves the selected option and the mouse follows it?

I made it as a demo so if you want, please mod away! Also if anyone can show me how to store the menu strings inside the UDT! Then youll get a +1 from me! 

Thanks

John

[Rudy M]

Nice menu Mad Aceman,

Following the hint of bplus I rewrote the drawing of the frame with the "chr$(x)" statement:

Code: (Select All)

' draw the border if needed



IF pb = 1 THEN



  COLOR c5, c2

  pb = 0



  LOCATE py, px

  PRINT CHR$(201); '    "Õ";

  FOR i = 1 TO mr

    PRINT CHR$(205); '  "Í";

  NEXT

  PRINT CHR$(187) '    "¸"



  FOR i = 1 TO pt

    LOCATE py + i, px

    PRINT CHR$(186); STRING$(mr, 32); CHR$(186) ' "³"; and  "³"

  NEXT



  LOCATE py + pt + 1, px

  PRINT CHR$(200); '    "Ô";

  FOR i = 1 TO mr

    PRINT CHR$(205); '  "Í";

  NEXT

  PRINT CHR$(188) '    "¾"



  py = py + 1

  px = px + 1



END IF

[bplus]

Also if anyone can show me how to store the menu strings inside the UDT! Then youll get a +1 from me! 

Simple, for me, is using long strings. I used them in my very simple GUI for any array I needed, that PLUS  the split routine Yes not exactly most effecient but it works, perfect for Text Property of List Boxes. Long strings are easy to append (no dim _preserve) and easy slice and dice and substitute whole sections of strings. I use them in my Fval() (like Eval of other BASICs) code too which is core to my Interpreter work. UDT will take a variable length string since way back around time of QB64 v 2.0, you may have missed the change, by Luke, I think it was. Alas! they don't store well to file like a fixed string would.

BTW let me plug my drop down menus lecture (because no one else will ) that starts here with exploring menus:
https://qb64phoenix.com/forum/showthread...8#pid17118

[Pete]

@Unseen Machine and @Mad Axeman

John, your post swooped in front of mine. I was actually commenting on Mad's, but I tested your menu and it also picks the highlighted menu option, instead of where the mouse is pointing, when the mouse is clicked. Mine and some others like the QB64 IDE prioritize the mouse position over the highlighted selection. Of course pressing Enter should always pick the highlighted selection, but the mouse? Well, I suppose it is a matter of personal preference.

Now all Mad has to do is change to...

        If menu_mb1 = -1 Then
            ''''' menu = menu_z1 + 1
            menu = menu_my - menu_py + 1 ' This will make it select the mouse position instead of the highlighted menu item.
            Color menu_defc1, menu_defc2
            Return
        End If

However yours is graphics, and I can't apply the same text solution.

Anyway, it's a neat graphics menu! + 1. As far as the strings in UDT, like Mark mentioned, we can use variable length strings...

Type Tremendous
Pete as String
End Type
Dim me as Tremendous

 

I won't be completely happy until we can include fixed strings and arrays in UDTs. Actually, I didn't know fixed strings were an issue, as I haven't worked with those in any of my routines with a UDT format. +1 to Mark for that heads up!

Pete