I was looking to have QB64 convert MIDI files to CSV and vice-versa and found some C code that looks like it does the job.
It's just 2 files (asc2mid.c and mid2asc.c) and I figure regular C code with no fancy OO, it should be pretty straightforward to convert to BASIC, right? I did a little C back (waaaay back) in school (never mind that I hated it!) and did some standard JavaScript back in the day, so I should at least be familiar with the syntax. Should be a snap, right?
NOPE!
I feel like I'm reading Greek. There's all sorts of weird stuff going on - variables named with asterisks (pointers?), if/then and loops without begin/end braces, and even GOTO statements, not to mention a lot of statements strung all together on one line. This is painful. I ran the code through a beautifier which sort of helped, but it also did things like put spaces before/after the asterisks which might be part of pointer variable names or whatever they are. I then went through the code line by line to try and make sense of the control structure and move everything inside of begin/end {} and pretty it up. Results are below - but I am not sure what errors I may have introduced by doing this stuff.
Also I don't have a C compiler to test this, though it might come in handy later if I ever hope to get this Raw Input API multi-mouse code working or experiment with writing WAV files from scratch. Which leads me to a second question - QB64 comes with a C compiler "bundled" with it, right? Is there some way to use it to compile straight C programs?
Is anyone interested in helping make sense of some C code? :-D
Either way, I'll slog through it eventually, just not as fast.
Here is the original code, the attached ZIP also includes my attempt at prettifying it...
"mid2asc.c"
"asc2mid.c"
It's just 2 files (asc2mid.c and mid2asc.c) and I figure regular C code with no fancy OO, it should be pretty straightforward to convert to BASIC, right? I did a little C back (waaaay back) in school (never mind that I hated it!) and did some standard JavaScript back in the day, so I should at least be familiar with the syntax. Should be a snap, right?
NOPE!
I feel like I'm reading Greek. There's all sorts of weird stuff going on - variables named with asterisks (pointers?), if/then and loops without begin/end braces, and even GOTO statements, not to mention a lot of statements strung all together on one line. This is painful. I ran the code through a beautifier which sort of helped, but it also did things like put spaces before/after the asterisks which might be part of pointer variable names or whatever they are. I then went through the code line by line to try and make sense of the control structure and move everything inside of begin/end {} and pretty it up. Results are below - but I am not sure what errors I may have introduced by doing this stuff.
Also I don't have a C compiler to test this, though it might come in handy later if I ever hope to get this Raw Input API multi-mouse code working or experiment with writing WAV files from scratch. Which leads me to a second question - QB64 comes with a C compiler "bundled" with it, right? Is there some way to use it to compile straight C programs?
Is anyone interested in helping make sense of some C code? :-D
Either way, I'll slog through it eventually, just not as fast.
Here is the original code, the attached ZIP also includes my attempt at prettifying it...
"mid2asc.c"
Code: (Select All)
/*
From: http://www.archduke.org/midi/
mid2asc:
Converts midi to ascii. Output can be in one of several formats
determined by command line flags.
Time of an event can be determined by one of
(i) BA+CR: Bar number+Crotchet within bar
(ii) CR: Crotchet number from the very start
(iii) DT: Delta time from previous event - native midi format
(iv) FOL[+/-crotchets]: Time from end of previous note/rest on that track
(v) SIM[+crotchets]: Time from start of previous note/rest on that track
Basic complication of mode (i) is that the Time signature affects
the interpretation of time, and that time signature can change at
any time on any track and should affect all tracks.
Could make it closer to the spec. (e.g., skip over unknown chunk types)
Midi files are going to be ambiguous, e.g. order of some events
occuring at the same time, or whether choose to use running st mode,
or whether to choose to use 0x8* or 0x9* for voff when
velocity=0x40.
Could print key changes from other tracks as comments in sep mode
Copyright November 2002 A.P.Selby
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and
associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute,
sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MIN(x,y) ((x)<(y)?(x):(y))
#define MAX(x,y) ((x)>(y)?(x):(y))
#define MAXLL 10000
#define MAXCH 16
#define MAXNT 128
unsigned char *dat;
int p,siz,pr=0,raw,cro,fol,sep,frpad=9;
int bgn[12][2]={{0,0},{0,1},{1,0},{2,-1},{2,0},{3,0},{3,1},{4,0},{4,1},{5,0},{6,-1},{6,0}};
/* ^ best guess note from pitch relative to keynote: (In C maj/A min this would be: C C# D Eb E F F# G G# A Bb B) */
int maj[14]={0,2,4,5,7,9,11, 12,14,16,17,19,21,23};
void err(char *l){fprintf(stderr,"Error: %s\n",l);exit(1);}
#define assrt(x,y) if(!(x))err(y);
char *note2(int n,int s,int pad){
static char buf[100][20];
static int p=0;
int i;
p=(p+1)%100;
buf[p][0]="CDEFGAB"[(n+700000)%7];
i=1;
while(s>0){assert(i<19);buf[p][i++]='#';s--;}
while(s<0){assert(i<19);buf[p][i++]='b';s++;}
while(n>=7){assert(i<19);buf[p][i++]='\'';n-=7;}
while(n<0){assert(i<19);buf[p][i++]='-';n+=7;}
if(pad)while(i<pad&&i<19)buf[p][i++]=' ';
buf[p][i]=0;
return buf[p];
}
char *note(int n,int sf,int mi,int pad){
int a,b,m,a0,b0;
assert(n>=0&&n<128&&sf>=-128&&sf<=127);
a0=(4*sf+7000)%7;b0=(sf+7001)/7-1000;/* (a0,b0) = keynote of (sf,mi) in pair form */
n-=60+maj[a0]+b0;/* subtract keynote in single pitch form */
m=(n+120000)%12;a=bgn[m][0];b=bgn[m][1];/* look up most likely pair form */
return note2(a0+a+((n-m)/12)*7,maj[a0]+maj[a]-maj[a0+a]+b0+b,pad);/* evaluate cocycle! */
}
char *key(int sf,int mi,int pad){
static char buf[100][21];
static int p=0;
int i,n;
p=(p+1)%100;
assert(sf>=-128&&sf<=127);
if(mi)sf+=3;
buf[p][0]="FCGDAEB"[(sf+7001)%7];
n=(sf+7001)/7-1000;i=1;
while(n>0){buf[p][i++]='#';n--;}
while(n<0){buf[p][i++]='b';n++;}
while(i<pad&&i<20)buf[p][i++]=' ';
buf[p][i]=0;
return buf[p];
}
int gcd(int a,int b){if(b==0)return a; else return gcd(b,a%b);}
int sprfrac(char *l,int n,int d,int sum,int pad){
int a,g,s;
s=0;
if(sum){
a=n/d;if(a){
s=sprintf(l,"%d",a);n-=a*d;
if(n==0)goto pad;
s+=sprintf(l+s,"+");
}
}
g=gcd(n,d);n/=g;d/=g;
if(d!=1)s+=sprintf(l+s,"%d/%d",n,d); else s+=sprintf(l+s,"%d",n);
pad:
if(s<pad){memmove(l+pad-s,l,s+1);memset(l,' ',pad-s);s=pad;}
return s;
}
int sprfrac2(char *li,int n,int d){
/* Prints the simplest (or near simplest) number x such that (int)(n/x+.5)=d */
int i,t,dp;
double m,r,x0,x1;
char l[100],*l0,*l1;
if(li)l0=li; else l0=l;
x0=n/(d+.49);x1=n/(d-.49);l1=l0;
/* Find minimum dp such that [x0,x1] intersects Z*10^(-dp) */
for(dp=0,m=1;dp<15;dp++){
r=floor(x1*m);
if(r>x0*m){
t=(int)(r/m);
l1+=sprintf(l1,"%d",t);r-=t*m;
if(dp){
l1+=sprintf(l1,".");
for(i=0;i<dp;i++){m/=10;t=(int)(r/m);l1+=sprintf(l1,"%d",t);r-=t*m;}
}
if((int)(n/atof(l0)+.5)!=d){fprintf(stderr,"Error 2 in prfrac2 n=%d d=%d\n",n,d);exit(1);}
if(li)return l1-l0; else return printf("%s",l);
}
m*=10;
}
fprintf(stderr,"Error 1 in prfrac2 n=%d d=%d\n",n,d);exit(1);
}
void need(int n,char *l){
if(p+n>siz){fprintf(stderr,"Unexpected EOF in %s, p=&%06x n=%d siz=&%06x\n",l,p,n,siz);exit(1);}
}
void skip(int n){need(n,"skip");p+=n;}
void match(char *l){
int i;
need(strlen(l),"match");
for(i=0;l[i];i++)if(l[i]!=dat[p++]){
fprintf(stderr,"Bad match, p=%X i=%d l=%s &%02X!=&%02X\n",p,i,l,l[i],dat[p-1]);exit(1);
}
}
int getn(int n,int a){
int i,t;
need(n,"getn");
for(i=0,t=0;i<n;i++)t=(t<<8)+dat[p+i];
if(a)p+=n;
return t;
}
int get1(){return getn(1,1);}
int get2(){return getn(2,1);}
int get3(){return getn(3,1);}
int get4(){return getn(4,1);}
int look1(){return getn(1,0);}
int getv(){
int c,t;
t=0;
do{
need(1,"getv");c=dat[p++];t=(t<<7)+(c&127);
}while(c&128);
return t;
}
int getnnodt(int st,int e,int *st1){
/* Returns the dt to next non-noteoff event (raw=0), or next event (raw=1). return=-1 means end of track. */
int t,p0,dt,sth;
dt=0;
while(p<e){
dt+=getv();*st1=st;if(raw)return dt;
p0=p;
t=look1();if(t>=0x80)st=get1(); else assert(st>=0x80);
sth=st>>4;
if(sth==8||(sth==9&&dat[p+1]==0))skip(2); else {p=p0;return dt;}
}
return -1;
}
typedef struct {int tt,ch,nt,voff;} noteoffbuf;
int cmp(const void*x,const void*y){return ((noteoffbuf*)x)->tt-((noteoffbuf*)y)->tt;}
int main(int ac,char **av){
int i,s,t,u,bf,bn,btt,fol1,rest,ch,dt,infinity,ln,mi,maxno,nat,non,ols,prb,help,
sk,sf,st,sth,tis0,tis1,tis2,tpc,tr,trl,tt,ty,alltrfl,format,tracks,division,tempo,nobp[MAXCH][MAXNT];
char l[MAXLL],*l1;
double ert;
typedef struct {int a,p0,l,e,p,pv,st,dt,tt,et,pt;} trackinfo;
typedef struct fred {int all,bn,tr;char *l;struct fred *nx;} outline;
trackinfo *tri;
noteoffbuf *nob;
outline *outbuf0,*outbuf;
FILE *fpi;
raw=cro=fol=sep=help=0;
for(i=1;i<ac;i++){
if(!strncmp(av[i],"-c",2))cro=1;
if(!strncmp(av[i],"-f",2))fol=1;
if(!strncmp(av[i],"-r",2))raw=1;
if(!strncmp(av[i],"-s",2))sep=1;
if(!strncmp(av[i],"-h",2)||!strncmp(av[i],"--help",6))help=1;
}
if(ac<2||help){
fprintf(stderr,"Usage: mid2asc [-c] [-f,-r] [-s] midifile > textfile\n\n");
fprintf(stderr," Default timing is to use absolute time determined by BA+CR\n");
fprintf(stderr," and use durations for notes.\n");
fprintf(stderr,"-c Use absolute crotchets rather than BA+CR to determine time.\n");
fprintf(stderr," Useful if inserting or deleting.\n");
fprintf(stderr,"-f 'Follow' (take time from start or end of previous note) to determine time.\n");
fprintf(stderr,"-r \"raw\" format: time determined by DT, and note-off events\n");
fprintf(stderr," are used instead of note durations.\n\n");
fprintf(stderr," Default is to print all tracks merged in chronological order.\n");
fprintf(stderr,"-s Print all tracks separately.\n");
exit(1);
}
if(fol&&raw){fprintf(stderr,"fol and raw modes cannot be combined\n");exit(1);}
fpi=fopen(av[ac-1],"rb");if(!fpi){fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't open %s\n",av[ac-1]);exit(1);}
fseek(fpi,0,SEEK_END);siz=ftell(fpi);rewind(fpi);
if(pr>=1)printf("# File size %d byte%s\n",siz,siz==1?"":"s");
dat=(unsigned char*)malloc(siz);if(!dat){fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't malloc %d bytes\n",siz);exit(1);}
fread(dat,1,siz,fpi);p=0;fclose(fpi);
maxno=siz/2;
match("MThd");
assert(get4()==6);
format=get2();tracks=get2();division=get2();
printf("format=%d tracks=%d division=%d\n",format,tracks,division);
if(division&(1<<15))tpc=48; else tpc=division;
tri=(trackinfo *)malloc(tracks*sizeof(trackinfo));assert(tri);
nob=(noteoffbuf *)malloc(maxno*sizeof(noteoffbuf));assert(nob);
infinity=0x7fffffff;
for(tr=0;p<siz&&tr<tracks;tr++){
match("MTrk");trl=get4();
tri[tr].p0=p;tri[tr].l=trl;tri[tr].e=tri[tr].p0+tri[tr].l;
p+=trl;
}
non=0;/* outside 'if' statement to stop warning */
if(!raw){
for(tr=0;tr<tracks;tr++){
st=0;tt=0;p=tri[tr].p0;
while(p<tri[tr].e){
dt=getv();tt+=dt;
t=look1();if(t>=0x80)st=get1(); else assert(st>=0x80);
sth=st>>4;ch=st&15;
if(sth==8||sth==9){
t=get1();u=get1();
if(sth==9){if(u)continue; else u=0x40;}
assert(non<maxno);nob[non].tt=tt;nob[non].ch=ch;nob[non].nt=t;nob[non].voff=u;non++;
continue;
}
if(sth==0xC||sth==0xD){skip(1);continue;}
if(sth==0xF){
if(st==0xF0||st==0xF7){skip(getv());continue;}
if(st==0xFF){skip(1);skip(getv());continue;}
fprintf(stderr,"Unrecognised status %02x\n",st);exit(1);
}
skip(2);
}
}
qsort(nob,non,sizeof(noteoffbuf),cmp);
for(ch=0;ch<MAXCH;ch++)for(t=0;t<MAXNT;t++)nobp[ch][t]=0;
}
nat=0;
for(tr=0;tr<tracks;tr++){
p=tri[tr].p=tri[tr].p0;
t=getnnodt(0,tri[tr].e,&tri[tr].st);tri[tr].a=(t>=0);
if(tri[tr].a){
tri[tr].et=tri[tr].pt=0;tri[tr].dt=tri[tr].tt=t;tri[tr].p=p;tri[tr].pv=-1;nat++;
}
}
sf=0;mi=0;/* Initial key C major */
tis0=4;tis1=4;tis2=(tis0*4*tpc)/tis1;/* Initial time signature 4/4 */
tempo=500000;/* Default usec/beat (= 120 bpm) */
btt=0;bn=0;bf=0;ert=0;/* at time btt, bar number was bn (from 0), and part of bar complete was bf/tpc crotchets */
prb=-1;
ols=MAXLL*10;outbuf=outbuf0=(outline*)malloc(ols);outbuf->nx=0;
if(!outbuf){fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't malloc %d bytes (outbuf1)\n",ols);exit(1);}
while(nat>0){
tt=infinity;tr=-1;alltrfl=0;
for(i=0;i<tracks;i++)if(tri[i].a){
t=tri[i].tt;if(fol&&tri[i].et<t)t=tri[i].et;
if(t<tt){tr=i;tt=t;}
}
assert(tr>=0);
p=tri[tr].p;t=look1();if(t>=0x80)st=get1(); else st=tri[tr].st;
sth=st>>4;ch=st&15;
assert(!(raw==0&&(sth==8||(sth==9&&dat[p+1]==0))));
rest=(fol&&tri[tr].et<tri[tr].tt);
fol1=(fol&&tri[tr].et<=tri[tr].tt);
l1=l;
if(tt>btt){
ert+=(double)(tt-btt)*(double)tempo/(double)tpc;
/* Elapsed crotchets=(btt-tt)/tpc, ticks/bar=tis2 */
t=tt-btt+bf; bn+=t/tis2; bf=t%tis2; btt=tt;
}
if(!sep&&bn!=prb){l1+=sprintf(l1,"\n");prb=bn;}
if(fol){
u=0;
if(fol1)l1+=sprintf(l1,"FOL"); else {
l1+=sprintf(l1,"SIM");t=tri[tr].tt-tri[tr].pt;if(t){
assert(t>0);l1+=sprintf(l1,"+");u=sprfrac(l1,t,tpc,1,0);l1+=u;u++;
}
}
while(u<frpad+1){*(l1++)=' ';u++;}
l1+=sprintf(l1," (");
}
if(raw){l1+=sprintf(l1,"DT ");l1+=sprfrac(l1,tri[tr].dt,tpc,1,frpad);l1+=sprintf(l1," (");}
if(cro){l1+=sprintf(l1,"CR ");l1+=sprfrac(l1,tt,tpc,1,4+frpad);l1+=sprintf(l1," (");}
l1+=sprintf(l1,"BA %4d CR ",bn+1);l1+=sprfrac(l1,bf,tpc,1,frpad);
if(cro)l1+=sprintf(l1,")");
if(raw)l1+=sprintf(l1,")");
if(fol)l1+=sprintf(l1,")");
l1+=sprintf(l1," TR %2d CH %2d ",tr,ch+1);
if(rest){
l1+=sprintf(l1,"NT R ");l1+=sprfrac(l1,tri[tr].tt-tt,tpc,1,frpad);l1+=sprintf(l1,"\n");
tri[tr].pt=tt;tri[tr].et=tri[tr].tt;goto bp2;
}
if(sth==8||sth==9){
t=get1();u=get1();
l1+=sprintf(l1,"NT %s ",note(t,sf,mi,7));
if(sth==8||(sth==9&&u==0)){
assert(raw);
l1+=sprintf(l1,"off");
if(sth==8&&u!=0x40)l1+=sprintf(l1," voff=%d",u);
l1+=sprintf(l1,"\n");
goto bp1;
}
if(raw)l1+=sprintf(l1,"on"); else {
assert(ch<MAXCH&&t<MAXNT);
for(i=nobp[ch][t];i<non;i++)if(nob[i].tt>tt&&nob[i].ch==ch&&nob[i].nt==t)break;
nobp[ch][t]=i;
if(i<non){
l1+=sprfrac(l1,nob[i].tt-tt,tpc,1,frpad);
tri[tr].pt=tt;tri[tr].et=nob[i].tt;
}else l1+=sprintf(l1,"infinity");
}
if(u!=tri[tr].pv){l1+=sprintf(l1," von=%d",u);tri[tr].pv=u;}
if(!raw&&i<non&&nob[i].voff!=0x40)l1+=sprintf(l1," voff=%d",nob[i].voff);
l1+=sprintf(l1,"\n");
if(!raw&&i==non)l1+=sprintf(l1,"# Warning tr=%d p=&%X, note never turned off\n",tr,p);
goto bp1;
}
if(sth==0xB){
t=look1();if(t==7){
t=get1();u=get1();
l1+=sprintf(l1,"Channel volume %d\n",u);goto bp1;
}
}
if(sth==0xC){t=get1();l1+=sprintf(l1,"Instrument %d\n",t+1);goto bp1;}
if(sth==0xF){
if(st==0xF0||st==0xF7){
t=getv();l1+=sprintf(l1,"Sysex event &%02X ",st);
for(i=0;i<t;i++)l1+=sprintf(l1," &%02X",dat[p++]);l1+=sprintf(l1,"\n");
goto bp1;
}
if(st==0xFF){
ty=get1();ln=getv();need(ln,"Meta");
if(ty>=1&&ty<=7){
l1+=sprintf(l1,"Text type %d: \"",ty);
for(i=0;i<ln;i++){
t=dat[p++];switch(t){
case '\t':l1+=sprintf(l1,"\\t");break;
case '\n':l1+=sprintf(l1,"\\n");break;
case '\v':l1+=sprintf(l1,"\\v");break;
case '\f':l1+=sprintf(l1,"\\f");break;
case '\r':l1+=sprintf(l1,"\\r");break;
case '\\':l1+=sprintf(l1,"\\\\");break;
default:if(t!=0)l1+=sprintf(l1,"%c",t);break;
}
}
l1+=sprintf(l1,"\"\n");
goto bp1;
}
if(ty==0x2F){
assert(ln==0);
l1+=sprintf(l1,"End of track\n");goto bp1;
}
if(ty==0x51){
assert(ln==3);tempo=get3();
l1+=sprintf(l1,"Tempo ");l1+=sprfrac2(l1,60*1000000,tempo);l1+=sprintf(l1,"\n");
alltrfl=1;
goto bp1;
}
if(ty==0x58){
assert(ln==4);assert(tt==btt);
tis0=dat[p];tis1=1<<dat[p+1];assrt((tis0*4*tpc)%tis1==0,"New time signature not commensurate with division");
tis2=(tis0*4*tpc)/tis1;
l1+=sprintf(l1,"Time signature %d/%d, clocks/mtick %d, crotchets/32ndnote %d\n",tis0,tis1,dat[p+2],dat[p+3]);
alltrfl=1;
p+=ln;goto bp1;
}
if(ty==0x59){
assert(ln==2);
sf=get1();if(sf>=128)sf-=256;mi=get1();
l1+=sprintf(l1,"Key %s %s\n",key(sf,mi,0),mi?"minor":"major");
alltrfl=1;
goto bp1;
}
l1+=sprintf(l1,"Meta Event type &%02X ",ty);
for(i=0;i<ln;i++)l1+=sprintf(l1," %d",dat[p++]);l1+=sprintf(l1,"\n");
goto bp1;
}
assert(0);
}
if(sth==0xD)sk=1; else sk=2;
l1+=sprintf(l1,"ST &%02X",st);
for(i=0;i<sk;i++)l1+=sprintf(l1," &%02X",dat[p++]);l1+=sprintf(l1,"\n");
bp1:
tri[tr].dt=getnnodt(st,tri[tr].e,&tri[tr].st);
if(tri[tr].dt>=0){tri[tr].tt+=tri[tr].dt;tri[tr].p=p;} else {tri[tr].a=0;nat--;}
bp2:
if(sep){
s=l1-l+1;t=sizeof(outline);u=(s+t-1)/t;
assert((u+1)*t<=MAXLL&&ols>=MAXLL);
outbuf->tr=tr;outbuf->all=alltrfl;outbuf->bn=bn;outbuf->l=(char*)(outbuf+1);
if(ols-(u+1)*t<MAXLL){
ols=MAXLL*10;outbuf->nx=(outline*)malloc(ols);
if(!outbuf->nx){fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't malloc %d bytes (outbuf2)\n",ols);exit(1);}
} else {
outbuf->nx=outbuf+u+1;ols-=(u+1)*t;
}
memcpy(outbuf->l,l,s);outbuf=outbuf->nx;outbuf->nx=0;
} else printf("%s",l);
} /* main loop */
if(sep)for(tr=0;tr<tracks;tr++){
printf("# TRACK %d\n",tr);
prb=-1;
for(outbuf=outbuf0;outbuf->nx;outbuf=outbuf->nx){
if((outbuf->all||outbuf->tr==tr)&&outbuf->bn!=prb){printf("\n");prb=outbuf->bn;}
if(outbuf->all&&outbuf->tr!=tr)printf("# ");
if(outbuf->all||outbuf->tr==tr)printf("%s",outbuf->l);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("# Successfully parsed\n");
printf("# Duration = %g seconds\n",ert/1000000);
return 0;
}"asc2mid.c"
Code: (Select All)
/*
From: http://www.archduke.org/midi/
asc2mid:
Converts ascii to midi. Ascii is in format output by mid2asc in one
of several modes, or it can be in a more mixed format.
Time of an event can be determined by one of
(i) BA+CR: Bar number+Crotchet within bar
(ii) CR: Crotchet number from the very start
(iii) DT: Delta time from previous event - native midi format
(iv) FOL[+/-crotchets]: Time from end of previous note/rest on that track
(v) SIM[+crotchets]: Time from start of previous note/rest on that track
Basic complication of mode (i) is that the Time signature affects
the interpretation of time, and that time signature can change at
any time on any track and should affect all tracks.
At the moment it requires lines of each track to be in chronological
order which can make it slightly awkward to change the track of a
note in sep=1 mode. If all file were in mode (ii), then it could
sort it out for you, I suppose. Or the user could sort the lines
first.
Should make more case insensitive?
MIT License
Copyright November 2002 A.P.Selby
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and
associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute,
sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define MIN(x,y) ((x)<(y)?(x):(y))
#define MAX(x,y) ((x)>(y)?(x):(y))
#define MAXNOB 10000
char *inbuf,*inend,*ip;
int tr,infinity;
int maj[14]={0,2,4,5,7,9,11, 12,14,16,17,19,21,23};
typedef struct {int l,st,von,bt,pt,et,sta,bn,cr,tt,ln,ip,op;unsigned char *out;} trackinfo;
trackinfo *tri;
/*
trackinfo:
st = midi state (state of previous midi event laid down)
bt = time of last event laid down
pt = start time of last note or rest
et = end time of last note or rest
sta = track state
state 0 ==> Need to read time of new line
state 1 ==> Time of next line specified by tt
state 2 ==> Time of next line specified by bn,cr; tt is valid if there is no time sig. change before it
state 3 ==> Track at an end - no more lines on this track
bn,cr,tt time of next event defined by (bn,cr) or tt according to state
ip = integer input pointer (inbuf+.ip is actual pointer)
ln = input line number
out = pointer to start of output buffer (can change when gets resized)
op = integer output pointer (.out+.op is actual pointer)
l = allocated size of output buffer
von = volume of last note-on event
*/
void err(char *l){
if(tr==-1)fprintf(stderr,"Error: %s\n",l); else fprintf(stderr,"Error: %s at line %d:\n%s\n",l,tri[tr].ln,ip);
exit(1);
}
#define assrt(x,y) if(!(x))err(y);
char *getns(char *l){while(*l==' ')l++; return l;}
int strtoi(char *l,char **e){
int b,n;
char *l1,*l2;
l1=l;while(*l1!=0&&*l1!='&'&&!isdigit(*l1)&&strncmp(l1,"infinity",8))l1++;
if(strncmp(l1,"infinity",8)==0)return infinity;
if(*l1=='&'){l1++;b=16;} else if(*l1=='0'&&l1[1]=='x'){l1+=2;b=16;} else b=10;
n=strtol(l1,&l2,b);
if(e){if(l2==l1)*e=l; else *e=l2;}
return n;
}
/*
int getfrn(char *l,int d){
int a,b,c;
char *l1;
a=strtoi(l,&l1);
if(l1[0]=='+')b=strtoi(l1+1,&l1); else {b=a;a=0;}
if(a==infinity||b==infinity)return infinity;
if(l1[0]=='/')c=strtoi(l1+1,0); else c=1;
b+=a*c;
assrt(d%c==0,"fraction not allowed");
return b*(d/c);
}
*/
int getfrn(char *l,int d){
int a,b,t;
char *l1;
t=0;
do{
a=strtoi(l,&l1);if(l1==l)break;
if(a==infinity)return infinity;
if(l1[0]=='/')b=strtoi(l1+1,&l1); else b=1;
a*=d;assrt(a%b==0,"fraction not allowed");t+=a/b;
l=l1;
}while(l[0]=='+');
return t;
}
int strton(char *l,char **e){
int n;
char *l1,*l2;
while(*l==' ')l++;
l1="CDEFGABR";l2=strchr(l1,toupper(*l));assrt(l2,"unrecognised note");
if(l2-l1==7){*e=l+1;return -1;}
n=60+maj[l2-l1];l++;
while(*l=='#'){n++;l++;}
while(*l=='b'){n--;l++;}
while(*l=='\''){n+=12;l++;}
while(*l=='-'){n-=12;l++;}
assrt(n>=0&&n<128,"note out of range");
*e=l;return n;
}
void acc(int p){
int nl;
unsigned char *new;
if(p<=tri[tr].l)return;
if(tri[tr].l==0)nl=10240; else nl=tri[tr].l*2;
if(nl<p)nl=p;
new=(unsigned char *)malloc(nl);if(!new)err("Couldn't malloc output track space");
if(tri[tr].out){memcpy(new,tri[tr].out,tri[tr].op);free(tri[tr].out);}
tri[tr].out=new;tri[tr].l=nl;
}
void putn(int n,int t){
acc(tri[tr].op+n);
while(n>0)tri[tr].out[tri[tr].op++]=(t>>(--n)*8)&255;
}
void put1(int t){putn(1,t);}
void put2(int t){putn(2,t);}
void put3(int t){putn(3,t);}
void put4(int t){putn(4,t);}
void putv(int t){
int n,u;
assrt(t>=0&&t<0x10000000,"variable number out of range (event out of sequence?)");
for(n=1,u=t;u>=128;n++)u>>=7;
acc(tri[tr].op+n);
while(n>0)tri[tr].out[tri[tr].op++]=((t>>(--n)*7)&127)|128;
tri[tr].out[tri[tr].op-1]&=~128;
}
void putstn(char *l,int s){acc(tri[tr].op+s);memcpy(tri[tr].out+tri[tr].op,l,s);tri[tr].op+=s;}
void putst(char *l){putstn(l,strlen(l));}
char *getl(int tr){
char *l;
l=inbuf+tri[tr].ip;if(tri[tr].ln>0)l+=strlen(l)+1;
tri[tr].ln++;
while(l<inend&&(l[0]==0||l[0]=='#'||strncmp(l,"format=",7)==0)){l+=strlen(l)+1;tri[tr].ln++;}
tri[tr].ip=l-inbuf;
if(l<inend)return l; else return 0;
}
typedef struct {int tr,tt,ch,nt,voff;} noteoffbuf;
int main(int ac,char **av){
int d,i,n,s,t,cr,bn,ch,nxt,mi,tr0,non,sf,st,rest,tis0,tis1,tis2,tpc,text,tt,siz,format,tracks,division;
char *l1,*l2,*l3;
noteoffbuf *nob;
FILE *fpi;
if(ac<2){
fprintf(stderr,"Usage: asc2mid textfile > midifile\n\n");
fprintf(stderr," Time of an event can be determined by one of\n");
fprintf(stderr," (i) BA+CR: Bar number+Crotchet within bar\n");
fprintf(stderr," (ii) CR: Crotchet number from the very start\n");
fprintf(stderr," (iii) DT: Delta time from previous event - native midi format\n");
fprintf(stderr," (iv) FOL[+/-crotchets]: Time from end of previous note/rest\n");
fprintf(stderr," (v) SIM[+crotchets]: Time from start of previous note/rest\n");
exit(1);
}
fpi=fopen(av[1],"r");if(!fpi){fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't open %s\n",av[1]);exit(1);}
fseek(fpi,0,SEEK_END);siz=ftell(fpi);rewind(fpi);
fprintf(stderr,"File size %d byte%s\n",siz,siz==1?"":"s");
inbuf=(char*)malloc(siz+1);if(!inbuf){fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't malloc %d bytes (inbuf)\n",siz+1);exit(1);}
n=fread(inbuf,1,siz,fpi);assert(n<=siz);siz=n;inbuf[siz]=0;inend=inbuf+siz;fclose(fpi);
for(i=0;i<siz;i++)if(inbuf[i]=='\n')inbuf[i]=0;
ip=inbuf;tr-=1;
while(ip<inend&&strncmp(ip,"format=",7))ip+=strlen(ip)+1;
if(ip==inend)err("Didn't find format line");
l1=strstr(ip,"format=");assert(l1);format=strtoi(l1+7,0);
l1=strstr(ip,"tracks=");assert(l1);tracks=strtoi(l1+7,0);
l1=strstr(ip,"division=");assert(l1);division=strtoi(l1+9,0);
fprintf(stderr,"format=%d tracks=%d division=%d\n",format,tracks,division);
nob=(noteoffbuf *)malloc(MAXNOB*sizeof(noteoffbuf));assert(nob);
tri=(trackinfo*)malloc((tracks+1)*sizeof(trackinfo));assert(tri); /* Track number <tracks> is for the preamble */
for(i=0;i<=tracks;i++){
tri[i].out=0;tri[i].ip=0;tri[i].op=(i<tracks?8:0);/* leave 8 bytes for MTrk, length */
tri[i].l=0;tri[i].ln=0;
tri[i].bt=tri[i].pt=tri[i].et=0;tri[i].von=100;
tri[i].bn=tri[i].cr=tri[i].tt=0;tri[i].sta=0;
tri[i].st=-1;
}
if(division&(1<<15))tpc=48; else tpc=division;
infinity=0x7fffffff;
tr=tracks;putst("MThd");put4(6);put2(format);put2(tracks);put2(division);
tis0=4;tis1=4;tis2=(tis0*4*tpc)/tis1;/* Initial time signature 4/4 */
tt=0;bn=0;cr=0;
/* (tt,bn,cr) are always kept in step, and it is guaranteed that there
are no time sig. changes between tt and the present new time. */
non=0;/* number of pending note-off events */
while(1){
nxt=infinity;tr0=-1;
for(tr=0;tr<tracks;tr++){
if(tri[tr].sta==3)goto nl0;
if(tri[tr].sta==0){
do{
ip=getl(tr);if(!ip){tri[tr].sta=3;goto nl0;}
ip=getns(ip);
l1=strstr(ip,"TR ");if(!l1)err("Expect TR");
}while(strtoi(l1+3,0)!=tr);
if(strncmp(ip,"DT ",3)==0){tri[tr].tt=tri[tr].bt+getfrn(ip+3,tpc);tri[tr].sta=1;goto ok0;}
if(strncmp(ip,"FOL",3)==0||strncmp(ip,"SIM",3)==0){
tri[tr].tt=tri[tr].pt;
if(ip[0]=='F'){
if(tri[tr].et>=0)tri[tr].tt=tri[tr].et; else
fprintf(stderr,"Warning - FOL reverts to SIM following a DT-defined or infinite length note/rest\n");
}
if(ip[3]=='+')tri[tr].tt+=getfrn(ip+4,tpc);
if(ip[3]=='-')tri[tr].tt-=getfrn(ip+4,tpc);
tri[tr].sta=1;goto ok0;
}
if(strncmp(ip,"CR ",3)==0){
tri[tr].tt=getfrn(ip+3,tpc);
tri[tr].sta=1;goto ok0;
}
if(strncmp(ip,"BA ",3)==0){
tri[tr].bn=strtoi(ip+3,&l1)-1;
l1=getns(l1);if(strncmp(l1,"CR ",3))err("Expect CR after BA");
tri[tr].cr=getfrn(l1+3,tpc);
tri[tr].sta=2;goto ok0;
}
err("Expected time specification (DT, FOL, SIM, CR, or BA) at start of line");
}
ok0:
if(tri[tr].sta==2)tri[tr].tt=tt+(tri[tr].bn-bn)*tis2+tri[tr].cr-cr;
if(tri[tr].tt<nxt){nxt=tri[tr].tt;tr0=tr;}
nl0:
tr=tr;/* because ISO C forbids label at end of compound statement, apparently */
}
if(tr0==-1)break;
tr=tr0;ip=inbuf+tri[tr].ip;tri[tr].sta=0;
text=(strstr(ip,"Text")!=0);
/* Need to know if Text line, since otherwise the quoted string
could cause a false match with some other key word */
t=nxt-tt+cr; bn+=t/tis2; cr=t%tis2; tt=nxt;
/* At this point, tt=time of next non-note-off event.
Have to lay down note-off events which have been bypassed. */
tr0=tr;
for(i=0;i<non&&nob[i].tt<=tt;i++){
tr=nob[i].tr;putv(nob[i].tt-tri[tr].bt);tri[tr].bt=nob[i].tt;
if(nob[i].voff!=0x40){
st=0x80+nob[i].ch;if(st!=tri[tr].st)put1(tri[tr].st=st);
put1(nob[i].nt);put1(nob[i].voff);
}else{
st=0x90+nob[i].ch;if(st!=tri[tr].st)put1(tri[tr].st=st);
put1(nob[i].nt);put1(0);
}
}
if(i>0){non-=i;memmove(nob,nob+i,non*sizeof(noteoffbuf));}
tr=tr0;
rest=0;if(!text){l1=strstr(ip,"NT ");if(l1)rest=(toupper(*(getns(l1+3)))=='R');}
if(!rest){putv(tt-tri[tr].bt);tri[tr].bt=tt;}
if(text){
put1(tri[tr].st=0xFF);
l1=strstr(ip,"type");assrt(l1,"missing 'type' in text line");t=strtoi(l1+4,0);put1(t);
l1=strchr(l1+4,'"');assrt(l1,"missing opening quote in text line");l1++;
l2=strrchr(l1,'"');assrt(l2,"missing closing quote in text line");
for(i=s=0;i<l2-l1;i++){
t=l1[i];
if(t=='\\'&&i<l2-l1-1){
t=l1[++i];
if(t=='t')t=9;
if(t=='n')t=10;
if(t=='v')t=11;
if(t=='f')t=12;
if(t=='r')t=13;
}
l1[s++]=t;
}
putv(s);putstn(l1,s);
continue;
}
l1=strstr(ip,"CH ");assrt(l1,"missing channel number");ch=strtoi(l1+3,0)-1;assrt(ch>=0&&ch<16,"channel number out of range");
l1=strstr(ip,"Time signature");if(l1){
tis0=strtoi(l1+14,&l1);tis1=strtoi(l1+1,0);assrt((tis0*4*tpc)%tis1==0,"New time signature not commensurate with division");
tis2=(tis0*4*tpc)/tis1;
put1(tri[tr].st=0xFF);
put1(0x58);putv(4);put1(tis0);
for(i=0,n=tis1;n>1;i++)n>>=1;put1(i);
l2=strstr(ip,"clocks/mtick");assrt(l2,"missing clocks/mtick");put1(strtoi(l2+12,0));
l2=strstr(ip,"crotchets/32ndnote");assrt(l2,"missing crotchets/32ndnote");put1(strtoi(l2+18,0));
continue;
}
l1=strstr(ip,"Channel volume");if(l1){
st=0xB0+ch;if(st!=tri[tr].st)put1(tri[tr].st=st);
t=strtoi(l1+14,0);assrt(t>=0&&t<128,"channel volume out of range");put1(7);put1(t);
continue;
}
l1=strstr(ip,"Instrument");if(l1){
st=0xC0+ch;if(st!=tri[tr].st)put1(tri[tr].st=st);
t=strtoi(l1+10,0)-1;assrt(t>=0&&t<128,"instrument out of range");put1(t);
continue;
}
l1=strstr(ip,"Sysex event");if(l1){
put1(tri[tr].st=strtoi(l1+11,&l1));
n=0;l2=l1;while(1){strtoi(l2,&l3);if(l3==l2)break;l2=l3;n++;}
putv(n);for(l2=l1;n>0;n--)put1(strtoi(l2,&l2));
continue;
}
l1=strstr(ip,"End of track");if(l1){
put1(tri[tr].st=0xFF);
put1(0x2F);put1(0);
continue;
}
l1=strstr(ip,"Tempo");if(l1){
put1(tri[tr].st=0xFF);
n=(int)(60*1000000./atof(l1+5)+.5);assrt(n>=0&&n<=0xFFFFFF,"tempo out of range");
put1(0x51);putv(3);put3(n);
continue;
}
l1=strstr(ip,"Key ");if(l1){
put1(tri[tr].st=0xFF);
l1=getns(l1+4);l2="FCGDAEB";l3=strchr(l2,toupper(*l1));assrt(l3,"unrecognised key");sf=l3-l2-1;
do{l1++;sf+=7*((*l1=='#')-(*l1=='b'));}while(*l1=='#'||*l1=='b');
l2=strstr(l1," major");l3=strstr(l1," minor");assrt((l2!=0)^(l3!=0),"missing minor/major in key");
mi=(l3!=0);sf-=3*mi;
put1(0x59);putv(2);put1(sf&255);put1(mi);
continue;
}
l1=strstr(ip,"Meta Event");if(l1){
put1(tri[tr].st=0xFF);
put1(strtoi(l1+10,&l1));
n=0;l2=l1;while(1){strtoi(l2,&l3);if(l3==l2)break;l2=l3;n++;}
putv(n);for(l2=l1;n>0;n--)put1(strtoi(l2,&l2));
continue;
}
l1=strstr(ip,"ST ");if(l1){
st=strtoi(l1+3,&l1);if(st!=tri[tr].st||((st&0xF0)==0xF0))put1(tri[tr].st=st);
while(1){n=strtoi(l1,&l2);if(l2==l1)break;l1=l2;put1(n);}
continue;
}
l1=strstr(ip,"NT ");if(l1){
tri[tr].pt=tt;tri[tr].et=-1;
n=strton(l1+3,&l1);l1=getns(l1);
if(strncmp(l1,"on",2)==0){
assrt(n>=0,"can't have rest and 'on'");
st=0x90+ch;if(st!=tri[tr].st)put1(tri[tr].st=st);
l2=strstr(l1,"von=");if(l2)tri[tr].von=strtoi(l2+4,0);
assrt(tri[tr].von>=1&&tri[tr].von<128,"von out of range");
put1(n);put1(tri[tr].von);
continue;
}
if(strncmp(l1,"off",3)==0){
l2=strstr(l1,"voff=");if(l2)t=strtoi(l2+5,0); else t=0x40;
assrt(t>=0&&t<128,"voff out of range");
if(t!=0x40){/* not most efficient coding, but most likely to mimic convention used by others(?) */
st=0x80+ch;if(st!=tri[tr].st)put1(tri[tr].st=st);
put1(n);put1(t);
}else{
st=0x90+ch;if(st!=tri[tr].st)put1(tri[tr].st=st);
put1(n);put1(0);
}
continue;
}
d=getfrn(l1,tpc);if(d<infinity){nxt=tt+d;tri[tr].et=nxt;}
if(rest)continue;
assert(n>=0);
l2=strstr(l1,"von=");if(l2)tri[tr].von=strtoi(l2+4,0);
assrt(tri[tr].von>=1&&tri[tr].von<128,"von out of range");
st=0x90+ch;if(st!=tri[tr].st)put1(tri[tr].st=st);
put1(n);put1(tri[tr].von);
if(d<infinity){
l2=strstr(l1,"voff=");if(l2)t=strtoi(l2+5,0); else t=0x40;
for(i=0;i<non;i++)if(nob[i].ch==ch&&nob[i].nt==n){
fprintf(stderr,"Warning - overlapping note at line %d:\n%s\n",tri[tr].ln,ip);
/*
memmove(nob+i,nob+i+1,(non-(i+1))*sizeof(noteoffbuf));non--;
Can't necessarily delete note-off event when notes overlap because
some devices might stack the extra soundings of same note, and so
deleting this event may result in a note stuck on.
*/
break;
}
assrt(non<MAXNOB,"Note-off buffer full");
for(i=0;i<non&&nob[i].tt<=nxt;i++);
memmove(nob+i+1,nob+i,(non-i)*sizeof(noteoffbuf));non++;
nob[i].tr=tr;nob[i].tt=nxt;nob[i].ch=ch;nob[i].nt=n;nob[i].voff=t;
}
continue;
}
fprintf(stderr,"Unrecognised line %d:\n%s\n",tri[tr].ln,ip);exit(1);
}/* main loop */
for(i=0;i<non;i++){
tr=nob[i].tr;putv(nob[i].tt-tri[tr].bt);tri[tr].bt=nob[i].tt;
if(nob[i].voff!=0x40){
st=0x80+nob[i].ch;if(st!=tri[tr].st)put1(tri[tr].st=st);
put1(nob[i].nt);put1(nob[i].voff);
}else{
st=0x90+nob[i].ch;if(st!=tri[tr].st)put1(tri[tr].st=st);
put1(nob[i].nt);put1(0);
}
}
if(i>0){non-=i;memmove(nob,nob+i,non*sizeof(noteoffbuf));}
fprintf(stderr,"Successfully parsed\n");
fwrite(tri[tracks].out,1,tri[tracks].op,stdout);
for(tr=0;tr<tracks;tr++){
t=tri[tr].op;tri[tr].op=0;putst("MTrk");put4(t-8);
if(tri[tr].out)fwrite(tri[tr].out,1,t,stdout); else assert(t==0);
}
return 0;
}