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05-30-2024, 07:37 PM
(This post was last modified: 05-30-2024, 08:28 PM by madscijr.)
In trying to figure out some Raw Input API stuff to read the keyboard, I found a PowerBASIC thread which has API declarations that I want to try porting to QB64PE.
This includes some strange stuff - "AS ANY" and "UNION":
Code: (Select All) BYREF pData AS ANY
...
TYPE RID_DEVICE_INFO_KEYBOARD
dwType AS DWORD
dwSubType AS DWORD
dwKeyboardMode AS DWORD
dwNumberOfFunctionKeys AS DWORD
dwNumberOfIndicators AS DWORD
dwNumberOfKeysTotal AS DWORD
END TYPE
UNION RID_DEVICE_INFO_UNION
'mouse AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_MOUSE
keyboard AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_KEYBOARD
'hid AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_HID
END UNION
TYPE RID_DEVICE_INFO
cbSize AS DWORD
dwType AS DWORD
RID_DEVICE_INFO_UNION
END TYPE
I did some googling to understand UNION and AS ANY and how those might be translated into QB64PE:
Those are all VB and VB.NET threads and they get pretty deep into it... In the "as any" thread they analyze what's happening down to the assembly level! My brain hurts!
I just want to know if anyone has any clue how to get the below code working with QB64/PE or could recommend the right syntax to declare a type with a union and what to do about "as any" ? Much appreciated...
Here's all of it:
Code: (Select All) 'Raw Keyboard (HID) Input (discussion) - PowerBASIC Peer Support Community
'https://forum.powerbasic.com/forum/user-to-user-discussions/powerbasic-for-windows/55985-raw-keyboard-hid-input-discussion#post673309
'
'#6
'Pierre Bellisle
'23 Mar 2014, 11:04 AM
'Thank for sharing Jeremy.
'
'Here's an adaption...
TYPE RID_DEVICE_INFO_KEYBOARD
dwType AS DWORD
dwSubType AS DWORD
dwKeyboardMode AS DWORD
dwNumberOfFunctionKeys AS DWORD
dwNumberOfIndicators AS DWORD
dwNumberOfKeysTotal AS DWORD
END TYPE
UNION RID_DEVICE_INFO_UNION
'mouse AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_MOUSE
keyboard AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_KEYBOARD
'hid AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_HID
END UNION
TYPE RID_DEVICE_INFO
cbSize AS DWORD
dwType AS DWORD
RID_DEVICE_INFO_UNION
END TYPE
TYPE RAWKEYBOARD
MakeCode AS WORD
Flags AS WORD
Reserved AS WORD
VKey AS WORD
Message AS DWORD
ExtraInformation AS DWORD
END TYPE
UNION RAWINPUTUNION
'mouse AS RAWMOUSE
keyboard AS RAWKEYBOARD
'hid AS RAWHID
END UNION
TYPE RAWINPUTHEADER
dwType AS DWORD
dwSize AS DWORD
hDevice AS DWORD
wParam AS LONG
END TYPE
TYPE RAWINPUT
header AS RAWINPUTHEADER
data AS RAWINPUTUNION
END TYPE
TYPE RAWINPUTDEVICELIST
hDevice AS DWORD
dwType AS DWORD
END TYPE
TYPE RAWINPUTDEVICE
usUsagePage AS WORD
usUsage AS WORD
dwFlags AS DWORD
hwndTarget AS DWORD
END TYPE
%Edit = 101 : %WM_CHAR = &H0102???
%LabelInfo = 201 : %WM_MOUSEMOVE = &H0200???
: %WM_APPCOMMAND = &H0319???
%Hid_Left = 33 : %WM_INPUT = &H00FF???
%Hid_Right = 34 : %KL_NAMELENGTH = 9
%Hid_Bottom = 66 : %WM_KEYUP = &H0101???
: %WM_CHAR = &H0102???
%RIDEV_EXINPUTSINK = &H00001000 : %WM_DEADCHAR = &H0103???
%WM_INITDIALOG = &H0110??? : %WM_SYSKEYDOWN = &H0104???
%NULL = 0 : %WM_SYSKEYUP = &H0105???
: %WM_SYSCHAR = &H0106???
%RIDI_DEVICEINFO = &H2000000B??? : %WM_SYSDEADCHAR = &H0107???
%RIM_TYPEKEYBOARD = 1& : %WM_KEYDOWN = &H0100???
%RIM_TYPEMOUSE = 0& : %WM_KEYUP = &H0101???
%RIM_TYPEHID = 2& : %WM_CHAR = &H0102???
%RID_INPUT = &H10000003??? : %WM_DEADCHAR = &H0103???
%RI_KEY_MAKE = 0?? : %WM_SYSKEYDOWN = &H0104???
%RI_KEY_BREAK = 1?? : %WM_SYSKEYUP = &H0105???
%RI_KEY_E0 = 2?? : %WM_SYSCHAR = &H0106???
%RI_KEY_E1 = 4?? : %WM_SYSDEADCHAR = &H0107???
%RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SET_LED = 8?? : %WM_UNICHAR = &H0109???
%RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SHADOW = &H10?? : %WM_NCACTIVATE = &H0086???
: %WM_COMMAND = &H0111???
%VK_LEFT = &H25& : %WM_SIZE = &H0005???
%VK_UP = &H26& : %WM_DESTROY = &H0002???
%VK_RIGHT = &H27& : %WM_NEXTDLGCTL = &H28
%VK_DOWN = &H28& : %WM_SETICON = &H0080???
%VK_PRIOR = &H21& : %WM_APP = &H08000
%VK_NEXT = &H22& : %WS_CAPTION = &H00C00000&
%VK_END = &H23& : %WS_MINIMIZEBOX = &H00020000&
%VK_HOME = &H24& : %WS_SYSMENU = &H00080000&
%VK_INSERT = &H2D& : %HWND_DESKTOP = 0???
%VK_DELETE = &H2E& : %GCL_HICONSM = -34&
%VK_DIVIDE = &H6F& : %GCL_HICON = -14&
%VK_NUMLOCK = &H90& : %ICON_SMALL = 0&
%VK_SCROLL = &H91& : %ICON_BIG = 1&
%VK_CONTROL = &H11& : %SIZE_MINIMIZED = 1
%KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = &H0002???
%EN_CHANGE = &H0300???
%EN_KILLFOCUS = &H0200???
%EN_SETFOCUS = &H0100???
%EM_GETSEL = &H00B0???
%EM_SETSEL = &H00B1???
'Thank to José Roca
DECLARE FUNCTION RegisterRawInputDevices LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "RegisterRawInputDevices"(BYREF pRawInputDevices AS RAWINPUTDEVICE, BYVAL uiNumDevices AS DWORD, BYVAL cbSize AS DWORD) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION GetRawInputDeviceList LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetRawInputDeviceList"(BYREF pRawInputDeviceList AS RAWINPUTDEVICELIST, BYREF puiNumDevices AS DWORD, BYVAL cbSize AS DWORD) AS DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION GetRawInputDeviceInfo LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetRawInputDeviceInfoA"(BYVAL hDevice AS DWORD, BYVAL uiCommand AS DWORD, BYREF pData AS ANY, BYREF pcbSize AS DWORD) AS DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION SendDlgItemMessage LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "SendDlgItemMessageA"(BYVAL hWnd AS DWORD, BYVAL nIDDlgItem AS LONG, BYVAL Msg AS DWORD, BYVAL wParam AS DWORD, BYVAL lParam AS LONG) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION GetRawInputData LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetRawInputData"(BYVAL hRawInput AS DWORD, BYVAL uiCommand AS DWORD, BYREF pData AS ANY, BYREF pcbSize AS DWORD, BYVAL cbSizeHeader AS DWORD) AS DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION GetKeyNameText LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetKeyNameTextA"(BYVAL lParam AS LONG, BYREF lpString AS ASCIIZ, BYVAL cchSize AS DWORD) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION MapVirtualKey LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "MapVirtualKeyA"(BYVAL uCode AS DWORD, BYVAL uMapType AS DWORD) AS DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION GetFocus LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetFocus"() AS DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION GetDlgItem LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetDlgItem"(BYVAL HWND AS DWORD, BYVAL nIDDlgItem AS LONG) AS DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION SendMessage LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "SendMessageA"(BYVAL hWnd AS DWORD, BYVAL Msg AS DWORD, BYVAL wParam AS DWORD, BYVAL lParam AS LONG) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION DestroyIcon LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "DestroyIcon"(BYVAL hIcon AS DWORD) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION PostMessage LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "PostMessageA"(BYVAL hWnd AS DWORD, BYVAL Msg AS DWORD, BYVAL wParam AS DWORD, BYVAL lParam AS LONG) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION SetClassLong LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "SetClassLongA"(BYVAL hWnd AS DWORD, BYVAL nIndex AS LONG, BYVAL dwNewLong AS DWORD) AS DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION ExtractIconEx LIB "SHELL32.DLL" ALIAS "ExtractIconExA"(BYREF lpszFile AS ASCIIZ, BYVAL nIconIndex AS LONG, BYREF phiconLarge AS DWORD, BYREF phiconSmall AS DWORD, BYVAL nIcons AS DWORD) AS DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION SetDlgItemText LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "SetDlgItemTextA"(BYVAL hDlg AS LONG, BYVAL nIDDlgItem AS LONG, lpString AS ASCIIZ) AS LONG
DECLARE SUB Keybd_event LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "keybd_event"(BYVAL bVk AS BYTE, BYVAL bScan AS BYTE, BYVAL dwFlags AS DWORD, BYVAL dwExtraInfo AS DWORD)
GLOBAL hDlg AS DWORD
'______________________________________________________________________________
CALLBACK FUNCTION DlgProc
LOCAL RidDeviceInfo AS RID_DEVICE_INFO
LOCAL pRawInput AS RAWINPUT POINTER
LOCAL zKeyName AS ASCIIZ * 50
STATIC CtrlClass AS ASCIIZ * 50
LOCAL sRawInput AS STRING
LOCAL sBuffer AS STRING
LOCAL ScanCode AS DWORD
STATIC hidDevice AS DWORD
STATIC hFocusBak AS DWORD
LOCAL RawInputDevCount AS LONG
LOCAL KeyboardTypeCount AS LONG
LOCAL RawInputDeviceIndex AS LONG
STATIC hidF9 AS LONG
LOCAL ByteCount AS LONG
STATIC SelStart AS LONG
STATIC SelEnd AS LONG
SELECT CASE CBMSG
CASE %WM_INITDIALOG
GetRawInputDeviceList(BYVAL %NULL, RawInputDevCount, SIZEOF(RAWINPUTDEVICELIST)) 'Get raw input device count
DIM RawInputDevList(0 TO RawInputDevCount - 1) AS RAWINPUTDEVICELIST 'Prepare raw input device array
GetRawInputDeviceList(RawInputDevList(0), RawInputDevCount, SIZEOF(RAWINPUTDEVICELIST)) 'Get raw input device
DIM RawInputDev(RawInputDevCount) AS RAWINPUTDEVICE 'Prepare raw input device array
FOR RawInputDeviceIndex = 0 TO RawInputDevCount - 1
GetRawInputDeviceInfo(RawInputDevList(RawInputDeviceIndex).hDevice, %RIDI_DEVICEINFO, RidDeviceInfo, SIZEOF(RID_DEVICE_INFO)) 'Get raw input device info
SELECT CASE RidDeviceInfo.dwtype 'Get raw input device type
CASE %RIM_TYPEKEYBOARD 'Keyboard type
RawInputDev(KeyboardTypeCount).usUsagePage = 1
RawInputDev(KeyboardTypeCount).usUsage = 6
RawInputDev(KeyboardTypeCount).dwFlags = %RIDEV_EXINPUTSINK 'Vista+, receive input in the background
RawInputDev(KeyboardTypeCount).hwndTarget = hDlg
INCR KeyboardTypeCount 'Count of raw keyboard input device
CASE %RIM_TYPEMOUSE 'Mouse raw input device
CASE %RIM_TYPEHID 'Other raw input device, game controllers, joysticks, etc.
END SELECT
NEXT
RegisterRawInputDevices(RawInputDev(0), KeyboardTypeCount, SIZEOF(RAWINPUTDEVICE)) 'Register raw input device(s)
PostMessage(hDlg, %WM_APP, 0, 0)
CASE %WM_INPUT 'Sent to the window that is getting raw input
GetRawInputData(CBLPARAM, %RID_INPUT, BYVAL %NULL, ByteCount, SIZEOF(RAWINPUTHEADER)) 'Get size of raw input buffer
sRawInput = NUL$(ByteCount) 'Set string for hid input
GetRawInputData(CBLPARAM, %RID_INPUT, BYVAL STRPTR(sRawInput), ByteCount, SIZEOF(RAWINPUTHEADER))'Get hid input
pRawInput = STRPTR(sRawInput) 'Set RawInput pointer
sBuffer = "RawInput.Header.hDevice = " & HEX$(@pRawInput.header.hDevice, 8) & $CRLF 'Show handle
sBuffer = sBuffer & "RawInput.Header.dwType = " & CHOOSE$(@pRawInput.header.dwType + 1, _
"RIM_TYPEMOUSE", "RIM_TYPEKEYBOARD", "RIM_TYPEHID") & $CRLF 'Show type
sBuffer = sBuffer & $CRLF
sBuffer = sBuffer & "RawInput.data.Keyboard.vKey =" & STR$(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.vKey) & _ '
", Character is " & $DQ & CHR$(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.vKey) & $DQ & $CRLF & $CRLF 'Show char
ScanCode = MapVirtualKey(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.vKey, 0) 'Create a scan code from vKey to get GetKeyNameText
SELECT CASE @pRawInput.data.Keyboard.vKey
CASE %VK_LEFT, %VK_UP, %VK_RIGHT, %VK_DOWN, %VK_PRIOR, %VK_NEXT, _
%VK_END, %VK_HOME, %VK_INSERT, %VK_DELETE, %VK_DIVIDE, %VK_NUMLOCK
ScanCode = ScanCode OR &H100 'Set extended bit
END SELECT
SHIFT LEFT ScanCode, 16 'Shift left
GetKeyNameText(ScanCode, BYVAL VARPTR(zKeyName), SIZEOF(zKeyName)) 'Get key name like "Tab" or "Esc"
sBuffer = sBuffer & "KeyName " & $DQ & zKeyName & $DQ & $CRLF
sBuffer = sBuffer & $CRLF
sBuffer = sBuffer & "RawInput.data.Keyboard.Message =" & HEX$(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Message, 8) 'Show message
SELECT CASE @pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Message
CASE %WM_KEYDOWN : sBuffer = sBuffer & " WM_KEYDOWN" & $CRLF
CASE %WM_KEYUP : sBuffer = sBuffer & " WM_KEYUP" & $CRLF
CASE %WM_SYSKEYDOWN : sBuffer = sBuffer & " WM_SYSKEYDOWN" & $CRLF
CASE %WM_SYSKEYDOWN : sBuffer = sBuffer & " WM_SYSKEYDOWN" & $CRLF
END SELECT
sBuffer = sBuffer & $CRLF
sBuffer = sBuffer & "RawInput.Keyboard.MakeCode = " & HEX$(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.MakeCode, 8) & $CRLF 'Show make code
sBuffer = sBuffer & "RawInput.data.Keyboard.ExtraInformation = " & _
HEX$(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.ExtraInformation, 8) & $CRLF 'Show extra info
IF (@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Flags AND %RI_KEY_BREAK) THEN 'Show flags
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_BREAK" & $CRLF
ELSE
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_MAKE" & $CRLF
END IF
IF (@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Flags AND %RI_KEY_E0) THEN
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_E0" & $CRLF
END IF
IF (@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Flags AND %RI_KEY_E1) THEN
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_E1" & $CRLF
END IF
IF (@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Flags AND %RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SET_LED) THEN
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SET_LED" & $CRLF
END IF
IF (@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Flags AND %RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SHADOW) THEN
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SHADOW" & $CRLF
END IF
SetDlgItemText(hDlg, %LabelInfo, BYVAL STRPTR(sBuffer))
CASE %WM_CHAR
CASE %WM_MOUSEMOVE
CASE %WM_APPCOMMAND
CASE %WM_APP
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg, %Edit, %EM_SETSEL, -2, -2) 'Move caret at the end
Keybd_event(%VK_CONTROL, 0, 0, 0) 'Simulate Control key
Keybd_event(%VK_CONTROL, 0, %KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0) 'Simulate Control key
CASE %WM_COMMAND
SELECT CASE CBCTL
CASE %Edit
IF HIWRD(CBWPARAM) = %EN_CHANGE THEN
END IF
IF (CBCTLMSG = %EN_KILLFOCUS) THEN
SendMessage(CBLPARAM, %EM_GETSEL, VARPTR(SelStart), VARPTR(SelEnd))
END IF
IF (CBCTLMSG = %EN_SETFOCUS) THEN
SendMessage(CBLPARAM, %EM_SETSEL, SelStart, SelEnd)
END IF
END SELECT
CASE %WM_NCACTIVATE
IF CBWPARAM = 0 THEN 'Application loose focus
hFocusBak = GetFocus()
ELSEIF hFocusBak THEN
SendMessage(hDlg, %WM_NEXTDLGCTL, hFocusBak, 1)
hFocusBak = 0
END IF
END SELECT
END FUNCTION
'______________________________________________________________________________
FUNCTION PBMAIN()
LOCAL hIconBig AS DWORD
LOCAL hIconSmall AS DWORD
DIALOG FONT "Segoe UI", 9
DIALOG NEW %HWND_DESKTOP, "GetRawInputDevice / GetRawInputData", , , 230, 150, _
%WS_CAPTION OR %WS_MINIMIZEBOX OR %WS_SYSMENU, 0 TO hDlg
ExtractIconEx("msctf.dll", 15, BYVAL VARPTR(hIconBig), BYVAL VARPTR(hIconSmall), 1)
SetClassLong(hDlg, %GCL_HICONSM, hIconSmall)
SetClassLong(hDlg, %GCL_HICON, hIconBig)
SendMessage(hDlg, %WM_SETICON, %ICON_SMALL, hIconSmall)
SendMessage(hDlg, %WM_SETICON, %ICON_BIG, hIconBig)
CONTROL ADD TEXTBOX, hDlg, %Edit, "Type also in another app...", 5, 5, 220, 12
CONTROL ADD LABEL, hDlg, %LabelInfo, "GetRawInputDevice / GetRawInputData", 5, 20, 220, 125
DIALOG SHOW MODAL hDlg CALL DlgProc
DestroyIcon(hIconSmall)
DestroyIcon(hIconBig)
END FUNCTION
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A "union{}" is a mixed type in C. It is comparable to a *)"struct{}" in C with the difference that all variables share the same memory space; the memory space is determined by the compiler based on the longest variable.
*)A C-struct{} is comparable to Type ... End Type in Basic.
Code: (Select All)
union beispiel
{
float preis;
int anzahl;
} beispiel_fuer_zwei;
The "As Any" command in Visual Basic is used to remove the parameter type check when passing parameters. Simply put, it is a hint to the programmer that there is a type difference.
Code: (Select All)
Declare Function xyz ( . . .ByVal lpString As Any) As Integer
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I'm pretty sure in this context the `ByRef pData As Any` is just their way of expressing the `void *` type in C. That itself more or less just means it's a pointer to data but the type of data is not specified. As far as QB64 is concerned, you'd just replace it with a ByVal _OFFSET.
KernelPanic explained the Union thing, I'd say in practice what you'll need to do in QB64 is use a memory buffer and copy the data into variables of the right kind based on the dwType entry, so a fair amount more annoying (since QB64 doesn't have actual unions to use). I'd probably just use `_MEMNEW()` to create a memory block of the right size and pass that in as `pData`. Then you can use `_MEMGET` to copy the union section into separate variables of the proper TYPE after checking the `dwType` value, and go from there.
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Check the code in that "GPT just rewrote my code" thread. The code there handles MEM for any type.
Tread on those who tread on you
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05-30-2024, 10:16 PM
(This post was last modified: 05-30-2024, 10:17 PM by madscijr.)
(05-30-2024, 09:02 PM)Kernelpanic Wrote: A "union{}" is a mixed type in C. It is comparable to a *)"struct{}" in C with the difference that all variables share the same memory space; the memory space is determined by the compiler based on the longest variable.
*)A C-struct{} is comparable to Type ... End Type in Basic.
...
The "As Any" command in Visual Basic is used to remove the parameter type check when passing parameters. Simply put, it is a hint to the programmer that there is a type difference.
Thanks for explaining... I had some followup questions but I think DSMan195276 answered those...
(05-30-2024, 09:55 PM)DSMan195276 Wrote: I'm pretty sure in this context the `ByRef pData As Any` is just their way of expressing the `void *` type in C. That itself more or less just means it's a pointer to data but the type of data is not specified. As far as QB64 is concerned, you'd just replace it with a ByVal _OFFSET.
KernelPanic explained the Union thing, I'd say in practice what you'll need to do in QB64 is use a memory buffer and copy the data into variables of the right kind based on the dwType entry, so a fair amount more annoying (since QB64 doesn't have actual unions to use). I'd probably just use `_MEMNEW()` to create a memory block of the right size and pass that in as `pData`. Then you can use `_MEMGET` to copy the union section into separate variables of the proper TYPE after checking the `dwType` value, and go from there.
Thank you, that's probably what I need. I'll give those a try!
Thanks again to you both, I was feeling dead in the water for a bit!
(05-30-2024, 10:14 PM)SpriggsySpriggs Wrote: Check the code in that "GPT just rewrote my code" thread. The code there handles MEM for any type. Perfect... Thanks Spriggsy
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05-31-2024, 01:16 PM
(This post was last modified: 05-31-2024, 01:18 PM by Kernelpanic.)
An example of how unions and structures are used, and how much memory is used.
To explain again: In a union, the memory requirement is equal to the largest variable. All variables in a union have to share this memory, so one have to know exactly which one one want to use.
In a structure, each variable gets its own memory space.
Code: (Select All)
//union und struct Beispiel - 31. Mai 2024
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
union uni_beispiel
{
int i_zahl;
float f_zahl;
char c_zeichen;
}u_beispiel;
struct stu_beispiel
{
int i_stzahl;
float f_stzahl;
char c_stzeichen;
}st_beispiel;
u_beispiel.i_zahl = 12;
printf("\nUnion-Zahl: %3d", u_beispiel.i_zahl);
u_beispiel.f_zahl = 44.15;
printf("\nUnion-Fliesskommazahl: %5.2f", u_beispiel.f_zahl);
u_beispiel.c_zeichen = 'A';
printf("\nUnion-Zeichen: %c", u_beispiel.c_zeichen);
//Anzeigen wieviel Speicher union und struct belegen
printf("\n\nGroesse im Speicher von struct: %3d Bytes", sizeof(struct stu_beispiel));
printf("\nGroesse im Speicher der union : %3d Bytes", sizeof(union uni_beispiel));
return(0);
}
In both cases, access is done using dot notation, as with the type declaration in Basic.
Code: (Select All)
Dim Shared Motorrad As MotorradModell
"Modell : ", Motorrad.Modell
![[Image: union-struct-Speicherverbrauch2024-05-31.jpg]](https://i.ibb.co/fnjsMhV/union-struct-Speicherverbrauch2024-05-31.jpg)
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(05-31-2024, 01:16 PM)Kernelpanic Wrote: An example of how unions and structures are used, and how much memory is used.
To explain again: In a union, the memory requirement is equal to the largest variable.
All variables in a union have to share this memory, so one have to know exactly which one one want to use.
In a structure, each variable gets its own memory space.
Thank you for explaining.
I'm planning to give Spriggsy's _MEMGET handler a try, which allocates memory depending on type.
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(05-30-2024, 09:55 PM)DSMan195276 Wrote: I'm pretty sure in this context the `ByRef pData As Any` is just their way of expressing the `void *` type in C. That itself more or less just means it's a pointer to data but the type of data is not specified. As far as QB64 is concerned, you'd just replace it with a ByVal _OFFSET.
KernelPanic explained the Union thing, I'd say in practice what you'll need to do in QB64 is use a memory buffer and copy the data into variables of the right kind based on the dwType entry, so a fair amount more annoying (since QB64 doesn't have actual unions to use). I'd probably just use `_MEMNEW()` to create a memory block of the right size and pass that in as `pData`. Then you can use `_MEMGET` to copy the union section into separate variables of the proper TYPE after checking the `dwType` value, and go from there. I've had to do a bunch of cleanup, changing the types to QB64PE types and whatnot.
I know the DWORD types are _UNSIGNED LONG, but there are Windows handles like hwndTarget AS DWORD, and those I think should be _OFFSET. So it's not just a 1:1 conversion.
Then there's weird stuff like variables defined as ASCIIZ * 50.
I looked up the ASCIIZ and it's just a string terminated with a NULL string (chr$(0)), which I've seen done in the mouse code that Spriggsy helped me with.
But I don't know what the *50 is... Does that mean it's limited to just 50 characters long?
Also there's one bRawData[1] AS BYTE. I know BYTE is _UNSIGNED _BYTE, but what's the [1] about?
I haven't even gotten to the crazy part yet, using _MEMGET to fake the UNION stuff using Spriggsy's code...
It's double crazy because they have UNIONs within UNIONs, and also UNIONs of temporary types defined inline.
Here's where I'm at so far...
Code: (Select All) TYPE RID_DEVICE_INFO_MOUSE
dwId AS _UNSIGNED LONG
dwNumberOfButtons AS _UNSIGNED LONG
dwSampleRate AS _UNSIGNED LONG
fHasHorizontalWheel AS INTEGER
END TYPE
TYPE RID_DEVICE_INFO_KEYBOARD
dwType AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwSubType AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwKeyboardMode AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwNumberOfFunctionKeys AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwNumberOfIndicators AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwNumberOfKeysTotal AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
END TYPE
TYPE RID_DEVICE_INFO_HID
dwVendorId AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwProductId AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwVersionNumber AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
usUsagePage AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
usUsage AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
END TYPE
UNION RID_DEVICE_INFO_UNION
'mouse AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_MOUSE
dwId AS _UNSIGNED LONG
dwNumberOfButtons AS _UNSIGNED LONG
dwSampleRate AS _UNSIGNED LONG
fHasHorizontalWheel AS INTEGER
'keyboard AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_KEYBOARD
dwType AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwSubType AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwKeyboardMode AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwNumberOfFunctionKeys AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwNumberOfIndicators AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwNumberOfKeysTotal AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
'hid AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_HID
dwVendorId AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwProductId AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwVersionNumber AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
usUsagePage AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
usUsage AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
END UNION
TYPE RID_DEVICE_INFO
cbSize AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwType AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
'RID_DEVICE_INFO_UNION
'mouse AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_MOUSE
dwId AS _UNSIGNED LONG
dwNumberOfButtons AS _UNSIGNED LONG
dwSampleRate AS _UNSIGNED LONG
fHasHorizontalWheel AS INTEGER
'keyboard AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_KEYBOARD
dwType AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwSubType AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwKeyboardMode AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwNumberOfFunctionKeys AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwNumberOfIndicators AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwNumberOfKeysTotal AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
'hid AS RID_DEVICE_INFO_HID
dwVendorId AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwProductId AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwVersionNumber AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
usUsagePage AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
usUsage AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
END TYPE
TYPE RAWKEYBOARD
MakeCode AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' WORD
Flags AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' WORD
Reserved AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' WORD
VKey AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' WORD
Message AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
ExtraInformation AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
END TYPE
TYPE DUMMYSTRUCTNAME
usButtonFlags AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
usButtonData AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
END TYPE
TYPE DUMMYUNIONNAME
ulButtons AS _UNSIGNED _OFFSET ' ULONG
UNION
DUMMYSTRUCTNAME
END TYPE
TYPE RAWMOUSE
usFlags AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
UNION
DUMMYUNIONNAME
ulRawButtons AS _UNSIGNED _OFFSET ' ULONG
lLastX AS LONG
lLastY AS LONG
ulExtraInformation AS _UNSIGNED _OFFSET ' ULONG
END TYPE
TYPE RAWKEYBOARD
MakeCode AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
Flags AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
Reserved AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
VKey AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' USHORT
Message AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' UINT
ExtraInformation AS _UNSIGNED _OFFSET ' ULONG
END TYPE
TYPE RAWHID
dwSizeHid AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwCount AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
bRawData AS _UNSIGNED _BYTE ' bRawData[1] AS BYTE
END TYPE
TYPE RAWINPUTHEADER
dwType AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
dwSize AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
hDevice AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD <- should this be _OFFSET ?
wParam AS LONG
END TYPE
UNION RAWINPUTUNION
mouse AS RAWMOUSE
keyboard AS RAWKEYBOARD
hid AS RAWHID
END UNION
TYPE RAWINPUT
header AS RAWINPUTHEADER
data AS RAWINPUTUNION
END TYPE
TYPE RAWINPUTDEVICELIST
hDevice AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD <- should this be _OFFSET ?
dwType AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
END TYPE
TYPE RAWINPUTDEVICE
usUsagePage AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' WORD
usUsage AS _UNSIGNED INTEGER ' WORD
dwFlags AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
hwndTarget AS _OFFSET ' DWORD
END TYPE
' ================================================================================================================================================================
' BEGIN CONSTANTS
' ================================================================================================================================================================
CONST COLOR_WINDOW = 5
CONST CS_HREDRAW = &H0002
CONST CS_VREDRAW = &H0001
CONST CW_USEDEFAULT = &H80000000
CONST DT_CENTER = &H00000001
CONST Edit = 101
CONST EM_GETSEL = &H00B0
CONST EM_SETSEL = &H00B1
CONST EN_CHANGE = &H0300
CONST EN_KILLFOCUS = &H0200
CONST EN_SETFOCUS = &H0100
CONST GCL_HICON = -14
CONST GCL_HICONSM = -34
CONST Hid_Bottom = 66
CONST Hid_Left = 33
CONST Hid_Right = 34
CONST HWND_DESKTOP = 0
CONST ICON_BIG = 1
CONST ICON_SMALL = 0
CONST IDC_ARROW = 32512
CONST IDI_APPLICATION = 32512
CONST KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = &H0002
CONST KL_NAMELENGTH = 9
CONST LabelInfo = 201
CONST MOUSE_ATTRIBUTES_CHANGED = &H04
CONST MOUSE_MOVE_ABSOLUTE = &H01
CONST MOUSE_MOVE_NOCOALESCE = &H08
CONST MOUSE_MOVE_RELATIVE = &H00
CONST MOUSE_VIRTUAL_DESKTOP = &H02
CONST NULL = 0
CONST RI_KEY_BREAK = 1
CONST RI_KEY_E0 = 2
CONST RI_KEY_E1 = 4
CONST RI_KEY_MAKE = 0
CONST RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SET_LED = 8
CONST RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SHADOW = &H10
CONST RID_INPUT = &H10000003
CONST RIDEV_EXINPUTSINK = &H00001000
CONST RIDI_DEVICEINFO = &H2000000B
CONST RIM_TYPEHID = 2
CONST RIM_TYPEKEYBOARD = 1
CONST RIM_TYPEMOUSE = 0
CONST SIZE_MINIMIZED = 1
CONST SW_SHOW = 5
CONST VK_CONTROL = &H11
CONST VK_DELETE = &H2E
CONST VK_DIVIDE = &H6F
CONST VK_DOWN = &H28
CONST VK_END = &H23
CONST VK_HOME = &H24
CONST VK_INSERT = &H2D
CONST VK_LEFT = &H25
CONST VK_NEXT = &H22
CONST VK_NUMLOCK = &H90
CONST VK_PRIOR = &H21
CONST VK_RIGHT = &H27
CONST VK_SCROLL = &H91
CONST VK_UP = &H26
CONST WM_APP = &H08000
CONST WM_APPCOMMAND = &H0319
CONST WM_CHAR = &H0102
CONST WM_CHAR = &H0102
CONST WM_CHAR = &H0102
CONST WM_COMMAND = &H0111
CONST WM_DEADCHAR = &H0103
CONST WM_DEADCHAR = &H0103
CONST WM_DESTROY = &H0002
CONST WM_INITDIALOG = &H0110
CONST WM_INPUT = &H00FF
CONST WM_KEYDOWN = &H0100
CONST WM_KEYUP = &H0101
CONST WM_KEYUP = &H0101
CONST WM_MOUSEMOVE = &H0200
CONST WM_NCACTIVATE = &H0086
CONST WM_NEXTDLGCTL = &H28
CONST WM_PAINT = &H000F
CONST WM_SETICON = &H0080
CONST WM_SIZE = &H0005
CONST WM_SYSCHAR = &H0106
CONST WM_SYSCHAR = &H0106
CONST WM_SYSDEADCHAR = &H0107
CONST WM_SYSDEADCHAR = &H0107
CONST WM_SYSKEYDOWN = &H0104
CONST WM_SYSKEYDOWN = &H0104
CONST WM_SYSKEYUP = &H0105
CONST WM_SYSKEYUP = &H0105
CONST WM_UNICHAR = &H0109
CONST WS_CAPTION = &H00C00000
CONST WS_CHILD = &H40000000
CONST WS_MAXIMIZEBOX = &H00010000
CONST WS_MINIMIZEBOX = &H00020000
CONST WS_OVERLAPPED = &H00000000
CONST WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW = WS_OVERLAPPED Or WS_CAPTION Or WS_SYSMENU Or WS_THICKFRAME Or WS_MINIMIZEBOX Or WS_MAXIMIZEBOX
CONST WS_SYSMENU = &H00080000
CONST WS_THICKFRAME = &H00040000
CONST WS_VISIBLE = &H10000000
' ================================================================================================================================================================
' END CONSTANTS
' ================================================================================================================================================================
' Thank to José Roca
DECLARE FUNCTION RegisterRawInputDevices LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "RegisterRawInputDevices"( _
BYREF pRawInputDevices AS RAWINPUTDEVICE, _
BYVAL uiNumDevices AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL cbSize AS _UNSIGNED LONG _ ' DWORD
) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION GetRawInputDeviceList LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetRawInputDeviceList"( _
BYREF pRawInputDeviceList AS RAWINPUTDEVICELIST, _
BYREF puiNumDevices AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL cbSize AS _UNSIGNED LONG _ ' DWORD
) AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION GetRawInputDeviceInfo LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetRawInputDeviceInfoA"( _
BYVAL hDevice AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD <- should this be _OFFSET?
BYVAL uiCommand AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYREF pData AS _OFFSET, _ ' ANY
BYREF pcbSize AS _UNSIGNED LONG _ ' DWORD
) AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION SendDlgItemMessage LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "SendDlgItemMessageA"( _
BYVAL hWnd AS _OFFSET, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL nIDDlgItem AS LONG, _
BYVAL Msg AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL wParam AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL lParam AS LONG _
) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION GetRawInputData LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetRawInputData"( _
BYVAL hRawInput AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL uiCommand AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYREF pData AS _OFFSET, _ ' ANY
BYREF pcbSize AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL cbSizeHeader AS _UNSIGNED LONG _ ' DWORD
) AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION GetKeyNameText LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetKeyNameTextA"( _
BYVAL lParam AS LONG, _
BYREF lpString AS STRING, _ ' ASCIIZ = NULL-terminated string
BYVAL cchSize AS _UNSIGNED LONG _ ' DWORD
) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION MapVirtualKey LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "MapVirtualKeyA"( _
BYVAL uCode AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL uMapType AS _UNSIGNED LONG _ ' DWORD
) AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION GetFocus LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetFocus"( _
) AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION GetDlgItem LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "GetDlgItem"( _
BYVAL HWND AS _OFFSET, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL nIDDlgItem AS LONG _
) AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION SendMessage LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "SendMessageA"( _
BYVAL hWnd AS _OFFSET, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL Msg AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL wParam AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL lParam AS LONG _
) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION DestroyIcon LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "DestroyIcon"( _
BYVAL hIcon AS _UNSIGNED LONG _ ' DWORD
) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION PostMessage LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "PostMessageA"( _
BYVAL hWnd AS _OFFSET, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL Msg AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL wParam AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL lParam AS LONG _
) AS LONG
DECLARE FUNCTION SetClassLong LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "SetClassLongA"( _
BYVAL hWnd AS _OFFSET, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL nIndex AS LONG, _
BYVAL dwNewLong AS _UNSIGNED LONG _ ' DWORD
) AS DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION ExtractIconEx LIB "SHELL32.DLL" ALIAS "ExtractIconExA"( _
BYREF lpszFile AS STRING, _ ' ASCIIZ = NULL-terminated string
BYVAL nIconIndex AS LONG, _
BYREF phiconLarge AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYREF phiconSmall AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL nIcons AS _UNSIGNED LONG _ ' DWORD
) AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
DECLARE FUNCTION SetDlgItemText LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "SetDlgItemTextA"( _
BYVAL hDlg AS LONG, _
BYVAL nIDDlgItem AS LONG, _
lpString AS STRING _ ' ASCIIZ = NULL-terminated string
) AS LONG
DECLARE SUB Keybd_event LIB "USER32.DLL" ALIAS "keybd_event"( _
BYVAL bVk AS BYTE, _
BYVAL bScan AS BYTE, _
BYVAL dwFlags AS _UNSIGNED LONG, _ ' DWORD
BYVAL dwExtraInfo AS _UNSIGNED LONG _ ' DWORD
)
GLOBAL hDlg AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
CALLBACK FUNCTION DlgProc
LOCAL RidDeviceInfo AS RID_DEVICE_INFO
LOCAL pRawInput AS RAWINPUT POINTER
LOCAL zKeyName AS STRING ' ASCIIZ * 50 = NULL-terminated string
STATIC CtrlClass AS STRING ' ASCIIZ * 50 = NULL-terminated string
LOCAL sRawInput AS STRING
LOCAL sBuffer AS STRING
LOCAL ScanCode AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
STATIC hidDevice AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
STATIC hFocusBak AS _UNSIGNED LONG ' DWORD
LOCAL RawInputDevCount AS LONG
LOCAL KeyboardTypeCount AS LONG
LOCAL RawInputDeviceIndex AS LONG
STATIC hidF9 AS LONG
LOCAL ByteCount AS LONG
STATIC SelStart AS LONG
STATIC SelEnd AS LONG
SELECT CASE CBMSG
CASE %WM_INITDIALOG
GetRawInputDeviceList(BYVAL %NULL, RawInputDevCount, SIZEOF(RAWINPUTDEVICELIST)) 'Get raw input device count
DIM RawInputDevList(0 TO RawInputDevCount - 1) AS RAWINPUTDEVICELIST 'Prepare raw input device array
GetRawInputDeviceList(RawInputDevList(0), RawInputDevCount, SIZEOF(RAWINPUTDEVICELIST)) 'Get raw input device
DIM RawInputDev(RawInputDevCount) AS RAWINPUTDEVICE 'Prepare raw input device array
FOR RawInputDeviceIndex = 0 TO RawInputDevCount - 1
GetRawInputDeviceInfo(RawInputDevList(RawInputDeviceIndex).hDevice, %RIDI_DEVICEINFO, RidDeviceInfo, SIZEOF(RID_DEVICE_INFO)) 'Get raw input device info
SELECT CASE RidDeviceInfo.dwtype 'Get raw input device type
CASE %RIM_TYPEKEYBOARD 'Keyboard type
RawInputDev(KeyboardTypeCount).usUsagePage = 1
RawInputDev(KeyboardTypeCount).usUsage = 6
RawInputDev(KeyboardTypeCount).dwFlags = %RIDEV_EXINPUTSINK 'Vista+, receive input in the background
RawInputDev(KeyboardTypeCount).hwndTarget = hDlg
INCR KeyboardTypeCount 'Count of raw keyboard input device
CASE %RIM_TYPEMOUSE 'Mouse raw input device
CASE %RIM_TYPEHID 'Other raw input device, game controllers, joysticks, etc.
END SELECT
NEXT
RegisterRawInputDevices(RawInputDev(0), KeyboardTypeCount, SIZEOF(RAWINPUTDEVICE)) 'Register raw input device(s)
PostMessage(hDlg, %WM_APP, 0, 0)
CASE %WM_INPUT 'Sent to the window that is getting raw input
GetRawInputData(CBLPARAM, %RID_INPUT, BYVAL %NULL, ByteCount, SIZEOF(RAWINPUTHEADER)) 'Get size of raw input buffer
sRawInput = NUL$(ByteCount) 'Set string for hid input
GetRawInputData(CBLPARAM, %RID_INPUT, BYVAL STRPTR(sRawInput), ByteCount, SIZEOF(RAWINPUTHEADER))'Get hid input
pRawInput = STRPTR(sRawInput) 'Set RawInput pointer
sBuffer = "RawInput.Header.hDevice = " & HEX$(@pRawInput.header.hDevice, 8) & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF 'Show handle
sBuffer = sBuffer & "RawInput.Header.dwType = " & CHOOSE$(@pRawInput.header.dwType + 1, _
"RIM_TYPEMOUSE", "RIM_TYPEKEYBOARD", "RIM_TYPEHID") & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF 'Show type
sBuffer = sBuffer & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
sBuffer = sBuffer & "RawInput.data.Keyboard.vKey =" & STR$(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.vKey) & _ '
", Character is " & $DQ & CHR$(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.vKey) & $DQ & chr$(13) & chr$(10) & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF & $CRLF 'Show char
ScanCode = MapVirtualKey(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.vKey, 0) 'Create a scan code from vKey to get GetKeyNameText
SELECT CASE @pRawInput.data.Keyboard.vKey
CASE %VK_LEFT, %VK_UP, %VK_RIGHT, %VK_DOWN, %VK_PRIOR, %VK_NEXT, _
%VK_END, %VK_HOME, %VK_INSERT, %VK_DELETE, %VK_DIVIDE, %VK_NUMLOCK
ScanCode = ScanCode OR &H100 'Set extended bit
END SELECT
SHIFT LEFT ScanCode, 16 'Shift left
GetKeyNameText(ScanCode, BYVAL VARPTR(zKeyName), SIZEOF(zKeyName)) 'Get key name like "Tab" or "Esc"
sBuffer = sBuffer & "KeyName " & $DQ & zKeyName & $DQ & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
sBuffer = sBuffer & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
sBuffer = sBuffer & "RawInput.data.Keyboard.Message =" & HEX$(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Message, 8) 'Show message
SELECT CASE @pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Message
CASE %WM_KEYDOWN : sBuffer = sBuffer & " WM_KEYDOWN" & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
CASE %WM_KEYUP : sBuffer = sBuffer & " WM_KEYUP" & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
CASE %WM_SYSKEYDOWN : sBuffer = sBuffer & " WM_SYSKEYDOWN" & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
CASE %WM_SYSKEYDOWN : sBuffer = sBuffer & " WM_SYSKEYDOWN" & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
END SELECT
sBuffer = sBuffer & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
sBuffer = sBuffer & "RawInput.Keyboard.MakeCode = " & HEX$(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.MakeCode, 8) & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF 'Show make code
sBuffer = sBuffer & "RawInput.data.Keyboard.ExtraInformation = " & _
HEX$(@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.ExtraInformation, 8) & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF 'Show extra info
IF (@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Flags AND %RI_KEY_BREAK) THEN 'Show flags
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_BREAK" & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
ELSE
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_MAKE" & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
END IF
IF (@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Flags AND %RI_KEY_E0) THEN
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_E0" & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
END IF
IF (@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Flags AND %RI_KEY_E1) THEN
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_E1" & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
END IF
IF (@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Flags AND %RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SET_LED) THEN
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SET_LED" & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
END IF
IF (@pRawInput.data.Keyboard.Flags AND %RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SHADOW) THEN
sBuffer = sBuffer & "Flag RI_KEY_TERMSRV_SHADOW" & chr$(13) & chr$(10) ' $CRLF
END IF
SetDlgItemText(hDlg, %LabelInfo, BYVAL STRPTR(sBuffer))
CASE %WM_CHAR
CASE %WM_MOUSEMOVE
CASE %WM_APPCOMMAND
CASE %WM_APP
SendDlgItemMessage(hDlg, %Edit, %EM_SETSEL, -2, -2) 'Move caret at the end
Keybd_event(%VK_CONTROL, 0, 0, 0) 'Simulate Control key
Keybd_event(%VK_CONTROL, 0, %KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0) 'Simulate Control key
CASE %WM_COMMAND
SELECT CASE CBCTL
CASE %Edit
IF HIWRD(CBWPARAM) = %EN_CHANGE THEN
END IF
IF (CBCTLMSG = %EN_KILLFOCUS) THEN
SendMessage(CBLPARAM, %EM_GETSEL, VARPTR(SelStart), VARPTR(SelEnd))
END IF
IF (CBCTLMSG = %EN_SETFOCUS) THEN
SendMessage(CBLPARAM, %EM_SETSEL, SelStart, SelEnd)
END IF
END SELECT
CASE %WM_NCACTIVATE
IF CBWPARAM = 0 THEN 'Application loose focus
hFocusBak = GetFocus()
ELSEIF hFocusBak THEN
SendMessage(hDlg, %WM_NEXTDLGCTL, hFocusBak, 1)
hFocusBak = 0
END IF
END SELECT
END FUNCTION
FUNCTION PBMAIN()
LOCAL hIconBig AS _UNSIGNED LONG
LOCAL hIconSmall AS _UNSIGNED LONG
' Dialog Boxes 03/12/2023
' https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/_dlgbox/
DIALOG FONT "Segoe UI", 9
DIALOG NEW %HWND_DESKTOP, "GetRawInputDevice / GetRawInputData", , , 230, 150, _
%WS_CAPTION OR %WS_MINIMIZEBOX OR %WS_SYSMENU, 0 TO hDlg
ExtractIconEx("msctf.dll", 15, BYVAL VARPTR(hIconBig), BYVAL VARPTR(hIconSmall), 1)
SetClassLong(hDlg, %GCL_HICONSM, hIconSmall)
SetClassLong(hDlg, %GCL_HICON, hIconBig)
SendMessage(hDlg, %WM_SETICON, %ICON_SMALL, hIconSmall)
SendMessage(hDlg, %WM_SETICON, %ICON_BIG, hIconBig)
CONTROL ADD TEXTBOX, hDlg, %Edit, "Type also in another app...", 5, 5, 220, 12
CONTROL ADD LABEL, hDlg, %LabelInfo, "GetRawInputDevice / GetRawInputData", 5, 20, 220, 125
DIALOG SHOW MODAL hDlg CALL DlgProc
DestroyIcon(hIconSmall)
DestroyIcon(hIconBig)
END FUNCTION ' PBMAIN
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I don't have tons of time at the moment, but to address a couple of the things you mentioned:
You're correct about the `_OFFSET` type. The member you identified (`hDevice`) is a `HANDLE` type which is the same size as a pointer.
Yes `ASCIIZ * 50` would be a 50 byte string, you'll need to check if the 50 includes the NUL byte at the end or not (if it does, then you can use `STRING * 50` for it, if the NUL byte is extra then it's a `STRING * 51`).
The ` bRawData[1]` thing is hard to explain, but basically it's a C concept where the size of the TYPE/struct is not really defined, instead there's an array of unknown length at the end of it. If you read the specs, it says that the size of the `bRawData` array is `dwSizeHid * dwCount`. I assume you then split the `bRawData` bytes up into `dwSizeHid`-sized chunks and each is a HID report or something.
Also, something to keep in mind is the C padding rules. Each type has a required alignment and the C compiler will insert empty space between the members of the struct to make sure each member hits its required alignment. QB64 does not do this, so you have to manually insert extra members for the padding. The majority of those structures are designed such that they don't need any padding, but maybe not all of them.
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06-01-2024, 03:26 AM
(This post was last modified: 06-01-2024, 03:27 AM by madscijr.)
(06-01-2024, 01:18 AM)DSMan195276 Wrote: I don't have tons of time at the moment, but to address a couple of the things you mentioned:
You're correct about the `_OFFSET` type. The member you identified (`hDevice`) is a `HANDLE` type which is the same size as a pointer.
Yes `ASCIIZ * 50` would be a 50 byte string, you'll need to check if the 50 includes the NUL byte at the end or not (if it does, then you can use `STRING * 50` for it, if the NUL byte is extra then it's a `STRING * 51`).
The ` bRawData[1]` thing is hard to explain, but basically it's a C concept where the size of the TYPE/struct is not really defined, instead there's an array of unknown length at the end of it. If you read the specs, it says that the size of the `bRawData` array is `dwSizeHid * dwCount`. I assume you then split the `bRawData` bytes up into `dwSizeHid`-sized chunks and each is a HID report or something.
Also, something to keep in mind is the C padding rules. Each type has a required alignment and the C compiler will insert empty space between the members of the struct to make sure each member hits its required alignment. QB64 does not do this, so you have to manually insert extra members for the padding. The majority of those structures are designed such that they don't need any padding, but maybe not all of them. Thanks so much for taking the time to explain all that. All I can say is, Good God! Why does it have to be so complicated!? There's a reason I prefer BASIC! But I do appreciate your taking the time to include all those details - it's a big help.
Thanks again!
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