&B

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The &B prefix denotes that an integer value is expressed in a Binary base 2 format. Every 8 digits represent a _BYTE.


Syntax

a& = &B10010110


Description

  • The base 2 numbering system uses binary digit values of 0 and 1 only.
  • Leading zero values can be omitted just like in decimal values as they add nothing to the return value.
  • Decimal values returned can be any signed INTEGER, LONG integer, or _INTEGER64 value so use those type of variables when converting directly as shown above in the Syntax. The program "overflow" error limits are listed as:
  • _BYTE: 8 binary digits or a decimal value range from -128 to 127. _UNSIGNED: 0 to 255.
  • INTEGER: 16 binary digits or a decimal value range from -32,768 to 32,767. _UNSIGNED: 0 to 65535.
  • LONG: 32 binary digits or a decimal value range from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. _UNSIGNED: 0 to 4294967295.
  • _INTEGER64: 64 binary digits or decimal values from -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807.
  • _UNSIGNED _INTEGER64: 0 to 18446744073709551615.
  • The maximum binary value for each numerical type is the maximum number of digits listed above, each valued at 1.
  • Convert binary to LONG values by appending the values with the suffix &. Example: &B1000000000000000 = -32768: &B1000000000000000& = 32768
  • To convert binary strings returned from _BIN$ with VAL you need to prefix the string with &B (for example, if the string is "1101" you should do VAL("&B1101") or VAL("&B" + binvalue$).


Examples

Example 1
The maximum binary values of decimal value -1 in each numerical type are:
c&& = -1: d& = -1: e% = -1: f%% = -1
bi$ = _BIN$(f%%)
PRINT "Max binary _BYTE = "; bi$; " with"; LEN(bi$); "digits ="; VAL("&B" + bi$)
bi$ = _BIN$(e%)
PRINT "Max binary INTEGER = "; bi$; " with"; LEN(bi$); "digits ="; VAL("&B" + bi$)
bi$ = _BIN$(d&)
PRINT "Max binary LONG = "; bi$; " with"; LEN(bi$); "digits ="; VAL("&B" + bi$)
bi$ = _BIN$(c&&)
PRINT "Max binary _INTEGER64 = "; bi$; " with"; LEN(bi$); "digits ="; VAL("&B" + bi$)
bi$ = _BIN$(9223372036854775807)
PRINT "Max _INTEGER64 value = "; bi$; " with"; LEN(bi$); "digits"
bi$ = _BIN$(-9223372036854775808)
PRINT "Min _INTEGER64 value = "; bi$; " with"; LEN(bi$); "digits"
Max binary _BYTE = 11111111 with 8 digits = 255
Max binary INTEGER = 1111111111111111 with 16 digits = 65535
Max binary LONG = 11111111111111111111111111111111 with 32 digits = 4294967295
Max binary _INTEGER64 = 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 with 64 digits =-1
Max _INTEGER64 value = 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 with 63 digits
Min _INTEGER64 value = 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 with 64 digits


See also



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