PLAY: Difference between revisions

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(Update MML spec. doc.)
(Add example for multi-voice PLAY)
 
(2 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
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:*'''MB''' - Play music in the background while program code execution continues (QB64 has no note buffer limits).
:*'''MB''' - Play music in the background while program code execution continues (QB64 has no note buffer limits).
:*'''X''' '''+''' [[VARPTR$]](string-expression) - executes a command string variable. '''It must be used with variables!'''.
:*'''X''' '''+''' [[VARPTR$]](string-expression) - executes a command string variable. '''It must be used with variables!'''.
:*'''W'''/'''@''' n - Select waveform in '''QB64-PE only''' can be ('''1''' for square (default), '''2''' for sawtooth, '''3''' for triangle, '''4''' for sine, '''5''' for white noise, '''6''' for pink noise, '''7''' for Brownian noise, '''8''' for LFSR noise, '''9''' for pulse or '''10''' for a waveform defined by the [[_WAVE]] statement (since QB64-PE v4.0.0)).
:*'''W'''/'''@''' n - Select waveform in '''QB64-PE only''' can be ('''1''' for square (default), '''2''' for sawtooth, '''3''' for triangle, '''4''' for sine, '''5''' for white noise, '''6''' for pink noise, '''7''' for Brownian noise, '''8''' for LFSR noise, '''9''' for pulse or '''10''' for a waveform defined by the [[_WAVE]] statement.
:*'''/''' n - Attack duration in '''QB64-PE only''' can be a percentage of note duration from 0 to 100.
:*'''/''' n - Attack duration in '''QB64-PE only''' can be a percentage of note duration from 0 to 100.
:*'''\''' n - Decay duration in '''QB64-PE only''' can be a percentage of note duration from 0 to 100.
:*'''\''' n - Decay duration in '''QB64-PE only''' can be a percentage of note duration from 0 to 100.
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</gallery>
</gallery>
<!-- additional availability notes go below here -->
<!-- additional availability notes go below here -->
* Complete '''X''' '''+''' [[VARPTR$]](string-expression) support was added in '''QB64-PE v3.8.0'''. Earlier versions of QB64-PE and QB64 only had '''=''' + [[VARPTR$]](numeric_variable) support.
* The following features have been added in '''QB64-PE v3.8.0''':
* Support for '''@''' and '''Q''' was added in '''QB64-PE v3.8.0'''.
** Complete support for '''X''' '''+''' [[VARPTR$]](string-expression).
* Support for '''W''', '''/''', '''\''', '''^''', '''_''', '''Y''', '''S''', '''S-''', '''S+''', '''R''', '''V-''', and '''V+''' was added in '''QB64-PE v4.0.0'''.
** Support for '''@''' and '''Q''' commands.
* Support for 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 (user-defined [[_WAVE]]) waveforms was added in '''QB64-PE v4.0.0'''.
* The following features have been added in '''QB64-PE v4.0.0''':
** Support for multi-voice MML playback. Advanced BASIC (for the IBM PCjr and Tandy 1000) multi-voice MML can now play in QB64-PE.
** Support for '''W''', '''/''', '''\''', '''^''', '''_''', '''Y''', '''S''', '''S-''', '''S+''', '''R''', '''V-''', and '''V+''' commands.
** Support for 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 (user-defined [[_WAVE]]) waveforms.




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{{Cl|NEXT}}
{{Cl|NEXT}}
{{CodeEnd}}
{{CodeEnd}}
----
;Example 7:Multi-voice '''PLAY''' demo.
{{CodeStart}}
{{Text|<nowiki>'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</nowiki>|#919191}}
{{Text|<nowiki>' QB64-PE v4.0.0 multi-voice PLAY Demo by a740g</nowiki>|#919191}}
{{Text|<nowiki>'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</nowiki>|#919191}}
{{Cm|$IF}} {{Text|VERSION|#55FF55}} &lt; {{Text|4.0.0|#F580B1}} {{Cm|THEN}}
    {{Cm|$ERROR}} This requires the latest version of QB64-PE from https://github.com/QB64-Phoenix-Edition/QB64pe/releases/latest
{{Cm|$END IF}}
{{Cl|_DEFINE}} A-Z {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|LONG}}
{{Cl|OPTION}} {{Cl|_EXPLICIT}}
{{Cl|CONST}} APP_NAME = {{Text|<nowiki>"Multi-voice PLAY Demo"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
{{Cl|CONST}} LOOPS = {{Text|3|#F580B1}}
{{Cl|_TITLE}} APP_NAME
{{Cl|DIM}} {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|STRING}} CH0Verse_1, CH0Verse_2, CH1Verse_1, CH1Verse_2, CH2Verse_1, CH2Verse_2, CH2Verse_3, CH3Verse_1
{{Cl|DIM}} {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|STRING}} Channel_0, Channel_1, Channel_2, Channel_3, Caption
{{Cl|DIM}} c {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|LONG}}
{{Cl|DO}}
    {{Cl|DO}}
        {{Cl|CLS}}
        {{Cl|PRINT}}
        {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Text|<nowiki>"Enter number for a tune to play."</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
        {{Cl|PRINT}}
        {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Text|<nowiki>"1. Demo 1 by J. Baker"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
        {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Text|<nowiki>"2. Demo 2 by Wilbert Brants"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
        {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Text|<nowiki>"3. Demo 3 by Wilbert Brants"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
        {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Text|<nowiki>"4. Demo 4 by J. Baker"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
        {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Text|<nowiki>"5. Demo 5 by Wilbert Brants"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
        {{Cl|PRINT}}
        {{Cl|INPUT}} {{Text|<nowiki>"Your choice (0 exits)"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}; c
    {{Cl|DO...LOOP|LOOP WHILE}} c &lt; {{Text|0|#F580B1}} {{Cl|OR (boolean)|OR}} c &gt; {{Text|7|#F580B1}}
    {{Cl|SELECT CASE}} c
        {{Cl|CASE}} {{Text|1|#F580B1}}
            Caption = {{Text|<nowiki>"Demo 1 by J. Baker"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            {{Text|144|#F580B1}}
            CH0Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t144 l4 q0 w1 o0 ^75_100 v32 w1 ^75_100 o0 dd2 w8 ^100_80 o4 c"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH0Verse_2 = {{Text|<nowiki>"w4 ^75_100 o0 d2 w8 ^100_80 o4 cd"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH1Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t144 q0 w1 o2 /1^100_99 v31 l1 gba /1\20^25_79 l4 gab2"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH1Verse_2 = {{Text|<nowiki>"v40 /9^100\1 l1 gba \2 l4 gab2"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH2Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t144 l4 w2 o3 q20 v33 r1r1"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH2Verse_2 = {{Text|<nowiki>"cd&gt;d&lt;e"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH2Verse_3 = {{Text|<nowiki>"cd&gt;d2&lt;"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH3Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t144 q0 w9 y15 o3 _100 v29 l8 d"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            Channel_0 = {{Text|RepeatVerse|#55FF55}}(CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_2 + CH0Verse_2 + CH0Verse_2 + CH0Verse_2, LOOPS)
            Channel_1 = {{Text|RepeatVerse|#55FF55}}(CH1Verse_1 + CH1Verse_1 + CH1Verse_2, LOOPS)
            Channel_2 = {{Text|RepeatVerse|#55FF55}}(CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_2 + CH2Verse_2 + CH2Verse_2 + CH2Verse_3, LOOPS)
            Channel_3 = {{Text|RepeatVerse|#55FF55}}(CH3Verse_1, {{Text|96|#F580B1}} * LOOPS)
        {{Cl|CASE}} {{Text|2|#F580B1}}
            Caption = {{Text|<nowiki>"Demo 2 by Wilbert Brants"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH0Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t103 w2 o0 q8 v38 L8 G4B-B-G4B-B-  G4&gt;E-E-&lt;G4&gt;E-E-&lt;  A&gt;CF4&lt;A&gt;CF4&lt;  F4AAGB-&gt;D4&lt;"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH1Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t103 w1 o1 q2 v33 L8 GB-&gt;D4&lt;GB-&gt;D4&lt;  GB-&gt;E-&lt;B-GB-&gt;E-&lt;B-  A&gt;CF4&lt;A&gt;CF4&lt;  FA&gt;C&lt;AGB-&gt;D4&lt;"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH2Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t103 w1 o3 q1 v35 L4 GG2G8F8 E-E-2E-8D8 CCCD E-2D2"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH2Verse_2 = {{Text|<nowiki>"B-B-2B-8A8 GG2G8F8 CCCD E-2D2"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH2Verse_3 = {{Text|<nowiki>"B-B-2B-8A8 GG2G8F8 ACFA G2D2"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            Channel_0 = CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1
            Channel_1 = CH1Verse_1 + CH1Verse_1 + CH1Verse_1 + CH1Verse_1
            Channel_2 = CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_2 + CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_3
            Channel_3 = _STR_EMPTY
        {{Cl|CASE}} {{Text|3|#F580B1}}
            Caption = {{Text|<nowiki>"Demo 3 by Wilbert Brants"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH0Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t144 w2 o0 q16 v22 l8 v+cv-ceeg4 v+ f v- faa&gt;cc&lt; v+ c v- ceeg4 v+ f v- faa&gt;cc&lt; ggbb&gt;d4&lt; q8 g4c2"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH1Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t144 w1 o1 q2 v20 l4 gec f2a8c8 gec f2a8c8 gbd ec2"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH2Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t144 w3 o3 q2 v22 l8 cegceg l4 caf l8 cegceg l4 caf l8 gbdgbd l4 cgg"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            Channel_0 = {{Text|RepeatVerse|#55FF55}}(CH0Verse_1, LOOPS)
            Channel_1 = {{Text|RepeatVerse|#55FF55}}(CH1Verse_1, LOOPS)
            Channel_2 = {{Text|RepeatVerse|#55FF55}}(CH2Verse_1, LOOPS)
            Channel_3 = _STR_EMPTY
        {{Cl|CASE}} {{Text|4|#F580B1}}
            Caption = {{Text|<nowiki>"Demo 4 by J. Baker"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            Channel_0 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t120 w1 o0 q2 v20 l8 &lt;dced&gt; dcge4 l4 q1 &lt;d1&gt; r8 l8 q2 dg l4 q1 &lt;d1&gt; l8 q2 dge q1 &lt;d1&gt; q2 dcdrr v+ &lt;&lt;dd&gt;&gt; v- r"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            Channel_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"t120 w1 o1 q1 v21 l8 &gt;dcde&lt; dcde#4 l4 &gt;d1&lt; l8 de l4 &gt;f1 l8 ddfe1&lt; dedfe dd r4"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            Channel_2 = _STR_EMPTY
            Channel_3 = _STR_EMPTY
        {{Cl|CASE}} {{Text|5|#F580B1}}
            Caption = {{Text|<nowiki>"Demo 5 by Wilbert Brants"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH0Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"T103 q16 O0 V22 W2 L4 V+CV-E8E8 &lt;FA&gt; &lt;V+GV-B8B8&gt; CE"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH1Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"T103 q8 O2 V22 W1 L8 CEG&gt;C&lt; &lt;FA&gt;CF &lt;GB&gt;DG CEG&gt;C&lt;"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            CH2Verse_1 = {{Text|<nowiki>"T103 q1 O3 v60 W4 L4 CEC&lt;G&gt; CEC2 CEC&lt;G&gt; CE16R16E16R16C2 CEC&lt;G&gt; CEC2 CEC&lt;G&gt; C&lt;G16&gt;R16E16R16C2"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
            Channel_0 = {{Text|RepeatVerse|#55FF55}}(CH0Verse_1, {{Text|4|#F580B1}} * LOOPS)
            Channel_1 = {{Text|RepeatVerse|#55FF55}}(CH1Verse_1, {{Text|4|#F580B1}} * LOOPS)
            Channel_2 = {{Text|RepeatVerse|#55FF55}}(CH2Verse_1, LOOPS)
            Channel_3 = _STR_EMPTY
        {{Cl|CASE ELSE}}
            {{Cl|EXIT DO}} {{Text|<nowiki>' Exit program</nowiki>|#919191}}
    {{Cl|END SELECT}}
    {{Text|PlayMML|#55FF55}} Channel_0, Channel_1, Channel_2, Channel_3, Caption
{{Cl|LOOP}}
{{Cl|SYSTEM}}
{{Cl|SUB}} {{Text|PlayMML|#55FF55}} (chan0 {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|STRING}}, chan1 {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|STRING}}, chan2 {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|STRING}}, chan3 {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|STRING}}, caption {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|STRING}})
    {{Cl|PLAY}} chan0, chan1, chan2, chan3
    {{Cl|PRINT}}
    {{Cl|PRINT}} {{Text|<nowiki>"Playing "</nowiki>|#FFB100}}; caption; {{Text|<nowiki>"..."</nowiki>|#FFB100}}
    {{Cl|DIM}} curLine {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|LONG}}: curLine = {{Cl|CSRLIN}}
    {{Cl|DO}}
        {{Cl|_LIMIT}} {{Text|15|#F580B1}}
        {{Cl|LOCATE}} curLine, {{Text|1|#F580B1}}
    {{Cl|DO...LOOP|LOOP WHILE}} {{Text|DisplayVoiceStats|#55FF55}}
    {{Cl|SLEEP}} {{Text|1|#F580B1}}
    {{Cl|_KEYCLEAR}}
{{Cl|END SUB}}
{{Cl|FUNCTION}} {{Text|RepeatVerse$|#55FF55}} (verse {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|STRING}}, count {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|_UNSIGNED}} {{Cl|LONG}})
    {{Cl|DIM}} buffer {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|STRING}}
    {{Cl|DIM}} i {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|_UNSIGNED}} {{Cl|LONG}}
    {{Cl|WHILE}} i &lt; count
        buffer = buffer + verse
        i = i + {{Text|1|#F580B1}}
    {{Cl|WEND}}
    {{Text|RepeatVerse|#55FF55}} = buffer
{{Cl|END FUNCTION}}
{{Cl|FUNCTION}} {{Text|DisplayVoiceStats%%|#55FF55}}
    {{Cl|STATIC}} voiceTotalTime({{Text|0|#F580B1}} {{Cl|TO}} {{Text|3|#F580B1}}) {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|DOUBLE}}
    {{Cl|DIM}} voiceElapsedTime({{Text|0|#F580B1}} {{Cl|TO}} {{Text|3|#F580B1}}) {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|DOUBLE}}
    {{Cl|DIM}} i {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|LONG}}
    {{Cl|FOR}} i = {{Text|0|#F580B1}} {{Cl|TO}} {{Text|3|#F580B1}}
        voiceElapsedTime(i) = {{Cl|PLAY (function)|PLAY}}(i)
        {{Cl|IF}} voiceElapsedTime(i) &gt; voiceTotalTime(i) {{Cl|THEN}}
            voiceTotalTime(i) = voiceElapsedTime(i)
        {{Cl|END IF}}
        {{Cl|PRINT USING}} {{Text|<nowiki>"Voice #: ### of ### seconds left"</nowiki>|#FFB100}}; i; voiceElapsedTime(i); voiceTotalTime(i)
    {{Cl|NEXT}} i
    {{Cl|DIM}} playing {{Cl|AS}} {{Cl|_BYTE}}: playing = voiceElapsedTime({{Text|0|#F580B1}}) &gt; {{Text|0|#F580B1}} {{Cl|_ORELSE}} voiceElapsedTime({{Text|1|#F580B1}}) &gt; {{Text|0|#F580B1}} {{Cl|_ORELSE}} voiceElapsedTime({{Text|2|#F580B1}}) &gt; {{Text|0|#F580B1}} {{Cl|_ORELSE}} voiceElapsedTime({{Text|3|#F580B1}}) &gt; {{Text|0|#F580B1}}
    {{Cl|IF}} {{Cl|NOT}} playing {{Cl|THEN}}
        {{Cl|FOR}} i = {{Text|0|#F580B1}} {{Cl|TO}} {{Text|3|#F580B1}}
            voiceTotalTime(i) = {{Text|0|#F580B1}}
        {{Cl|NEXT}} i
    {{Cl|END IF}}
    {{Text|DisplayVoiceStats|#55FF55}} = playing
{{Cl|END FUNCTION}}
{{CodeEnd}}





Latest revision as of 13:20, 17 December 2024

PLAY is a statement that plays a tune defined by Music Macro Language (MML) STRINGs.


Syntax

PLAY mmlString1$[, mmlString2$][, mmlString3$][, mmlString4$]


Parameters

  • The mmlString1$, mmlString2$, mmlString3$, mmlString4$ can be any literal or variable STRING consisting of the following commands:
    • Command string values are not case-sensitive and white spaces and ; are ignored. Use upper or lower case as desired.
  • O n - Sets the current octave (from 0 to 6). Example: PLAY "O3"
  • < - Down one octave (cannot be below zero). Example: PLAY "<<" 'goes down two octaves.
  • > - Up one octave (cannot be above 6). Example: PLAY ">>" ' goes up two octaves.
  • A, B, C, D, E, F or G are the notes in the current octave. The following suffixes can be used:
  • + or # for a sharp note. Example: PLAY "C#"
  • - for a flat note. Example: PLAY "C-"
  • N n - Plays a note n by number(n can be between 0 to 84 in the 7 octaves, where 0 is a rest). Example: PLAY "N42"
  • L n - Sets length of a note (n can be 1 to 64 where 1 is a whole note and 4 is a quarter of a note etc.). Example: PLAY "L4"
  • MS - Each note plays 3/4 of length set by L (staccato)
  • MN - Each note plays 7/8 of length set by L (normal)
  • ML - Each note plays a full-length set by L (legato)
  • R/P n - Specifies a rest/pause (1 - 64). P1 is a whole-note pause, P2 is a half-note pause, etc. (The pause is 1/n note in length.) Example: PLAY "P32"
  • T n - Tempo sets the number of L4 quarter notes per minute (n can be 32 to 255 where 120 is the default). Example: PLAY "T180"
  • . - period after a note plays 1½ times the note length determined by L * T.
  • .. - two periods plays 1-3/4 times the note length determined by L * T.
  • , - commas in QB64 stop play advancement to allow more than one note to be played simultaneously. Example: PLAY "C,E,G,"
  • V n - Voice volume in QB64 only can be any volume from 0 (none) to 100 (full). The default level is 50 when n is not specified.
  • V-/V+ - Decrement / Increment the voice volume in QB64-PE only.
  • MF - Play music in the foreground (each note must be completed before another can start).
  • MB - Play music in the background while program code execution continues (QB64 has no note buffer limits).
  • X + VARPTR$(string-expression) - executes a command string variable. It must be used with variables!.
  • W/@ n - Select waveform in QB64-PE only can be (1 for square (default), 2 for sawtooth, 3 for triangle, 4 for sine, 5 for white noise, 6 for pink noise, 7 for Brownian noise, 8 for LFSR noise, 9 for pulse or 10 for a waveform defined by the _WAVE statement.
  • / n - Attack duration in QB64-PE only can be a percentage of note duration from 0 to 100.
  • \ n - Decay duration in QB64-PE only can be a percentage of note duration from 0 to 100.
  • ^ n - Sustain volume in QB64-PE only can be a percentage of the voice volume (V) from 0 to 100.
  • _ n - Release duration in QB64-PE only can be a percentage of note duration from 0 to 100.
  • Q n - Simple volume ramp in QB64-PE only can be a percentage of note duration from 0 to 100. This sets sustain (^) to 100, attack (/) to n, and release (_) to n.
  • Y n - Parameters for the current waveform in QB64-PE only can be 0 to 100 for pulse waveform, clock rate for LFSR noise, or seed for other noise waveforms.
  • S n - Pan position in QB64-PE only can be 0 (left-most) to 100 (right-most).
  • S-/S+ - Moves the pan position left / right in QB64-PE only.
  • Numeric values "n" listed above can also be fetched from numeric variables using "=" + VARPTR$(numeric_variable).


Availability

  • The following features have been added in QB64-PE v3.8.0:
    • Complete support for X + VARPTR$(string-expression).
    • Support for @ and Q commands.
  • The following features have been added in QB64-PE v4.0.0:
    • Support for multi-voice MML playback. Advanced BASIC (for the IBM PCjr and Tandy 1000) multi-voice MML can now play in QB64-PE.
    • Support for W, /, \, ^, _, Y, S, S-, S+, R, V-, and V+ commands.
    • Support for 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 (user-defined _WAVE) waveforms.


Examples

Example 1
Plays a sound with the volume and note varying from 0 to 50. The maximum note can only be 84.
PLAY "q0mll64"
DO
    FOR x = 1 TO 50
        a$ = a$ + "v" + LTRIM$(STR$(x)) + "n" + LTRIM$(STR$(x))
    NEXT
    FOR x = 50 TO 1 STEP -1
        a$ = a$ + "v" + LTRIM$(STR$(x)) + "n" + LTRIM$(STR$(x))
    NEXT
    PLAY a$
    a$ = ""
LOOP UNTIL INKEY$ <> ""
PLAY "v10l1c,l4egl2o5c,o4l4eg"
Code by Galleon

Example 2
Plays "Frosty the snowman". The lyric printing is not delayed by PLAY in QB64.
CLS: PRINT "Frosty the Snow Man"
FOR X = 1 TO 2
    PRINT
    IF X = 1 THEN PRINT "Fros-ty the Snow man was a jolly happy soul,"
    IF X = 2 THEN PRINT "Fros-ty the Snow man knew the sun was hot that day"
    PLAY "t140o2p4g2e4.f8g4o3c2o2b8o3c8d4c4o2b4a8g2." 'MB removed to print song one line at a time
    IF X = 1 THEN PRINT "with a corn cob pipe and a button nose and two eyes made out of coal."
    IF X = 2 THEN PRINT "so he said Let's run and we'll have some fun now before I melt away."
    PLAY "o2b8o3c8d4c4o2b4a8a8g8o3c4o2e8e4g8a8g4f4e4f4g2."
    IF X = 1 THEN PRINT "Fros-ty the Snow Man is a fair-y tale, they say,"
    IF X = 2 THEN PRINT "Down to the vil-lage, with a broom-stick in his hand,"
    PLAY "g2e4.f8g4o3c2o2b8o3c8d4c4o2b4a8g2."
    IF X = 1 THEN PRINT "He was made of snow but the chil-dren knew how he come to life one day."
    IF X = 2 THEN PRINT "run-ning here and there all a-round the square, say-in' catch me if you can."
    PLAY "o2b8o3c8d4c4o2b4a8a8g8o3c4o2e8e4g8a8g4f4e4d4c2."
    IF X = 1 THEN PRINT "There must have been some magic in that old silk hat they found."
    IF X = 2 THEN PRINT "He led them down the streets of town right to the traffic cop."
    PLAY "c4a4a4o3c4c4o2b4a4g4e4f4a4g4f4e2."
    IF X = 1 THEN PRINT "For when they placed it on his head he be-gan to dance a round."
    IF X = 2 THEN PRINT "And he on-ly paused a moment when he heard him hol-ler Stop!"
    PLAY "e8e8d4d4g4g4b4b4o3d4d8o2b8o3d4c4o2b4a4g4p4"
    IF X = 1 THEN PRINT "Oh, Fros-ty the Snow Man was a-live as he could be,"
    IF X = 2 THEN PRINT "For, Fros-ty the Snow Man had to hur-ry on his way"
    PLAY "g2g2e4.f8g4o3c2o2b8o3c8d4c4o2b4a8g8g2."
    IF X = 1 THEN PRINT "and the chil-dren say he could laugh and play just the same as you and me."
    IF X = 2 THEN PRINT "but he waved good-bye say-in' Don't you cry, I'll be back a-gain some day."
    PLAY "o2b8o3c8d4c4o2b4a8a8g8o3c4o2e8e4g8a8g4f4e4d4c2.p4"
NEXT X
PRINT: PRINT "Thump-et-y thump thump, thump-et-y thump thump, look at Fros-ty go."
PLAY "t180g8g8g4g4g4a8g8g4g4g4a4g4e4g4d1"
PRINT "Thump-et-y thump thump, thump-et-y thump thump, ov-er the hills of snow."
PLAY "t180g8g8g4g4g4a8g8g4g4g4g8g8g4a4b4o3c2c4p1"
END
Code by Greg Rismoen

Example 3
Clicking on the grid enables various notes to be played simultaneously.
DIM SHARED grid(16, 16), grid2(16, 16), cur
CONST maxx = 512
CONST maxy = 512
SCREEN _NEWIMAGE(maxx, maxy, 32)
_TITLE "MusicGrid"
cleargrid
DO
    IF TIMER - t# > 1 / 8 THEN cur = (cur + 1) AND 15: t# = TIMER
    IF cur <> oldcur THEN
        figuregrid
        drawgrid
        playgrid
        oldcur = cur
    END IF
    domousestuff
    in$ = INKEY$
    IF in$ = "C" OR in$ = "c" THEN cleargrid
LOOP UNTIL in$ = CHR$(27)

SUB drawgrid
    scale! = maxx / 16
    scale2 = maxx \ 16 - 2
    FOR y = 0 TO 15
        y1 = y * scale!
        FOR x = 0 TO 15
            x1 = x * scale!
            c& = _RGB32(grid2(x, y) * 64 + 64, 0, 0)
            LINE (x1, y1)-(x1 + scale2, y1 + scale2), c&, BF
        NEXT x
    NEXT y
END SUB

SUB figuregrid
    FOR y = 0 TO 15
        FOR x = 0 TO 15
            grid2(x, y) = grid(x, y)
        NEXT x
    NEXT y
    FOR y = 1 TO 14
        FOR x = 1 TO 14
            IF grid(x, y) = 1 AND cur = x THEN
                grid2(x, y) = 2
                IF grid(x - 1, y) = 0 THEN grid2(x - 1, y) = 1
                IF grid(x + 1, y) = 0 THEN grid2(x + 1, y) = 1
                IF grid(x, y - 1) = 0 THEN grid2(x, y - 1) = 1
                IF grid(x, y + 1) = 0 THEN grid2(x, y + 1) = 1
            END IF
        NEXT x
    NEXT y
END SUB

SUB domousestuff
    DO WHILE _MOUSEINPUT
        IF _MOUSEBUTTON(1) THEN
            x = _MOUSEX \ (maxx \ 16)
            y = _MOUSEY \ (maxy \ 16)
            grid(x, y) = 1 - grid(x, y)
        END IF
    LOOP
END SUB

SUB playgrid
    n$ = "L16 "
    'scale$ = "O1CO1DO1EO1FO1GO1AO1BO2CO2DO2EO2FO2GO2AO2BO3CO3D"
    scale$ = "o1fo1go1ao2co2do2fo2go2ao3co3do3fo3go3ao4co4do4fo"
    FOR y = 15 TO 0 STEP -1
        IF grid(cur, y) = 1 THEN
            note$ = MID$(scale$, 1 + (15 - y) * 3, 3)
            n$ = n$ + note$ + "," 'comma plays 2 or more column notes simultaneously
        END IF
    NEXT y
    n$ = LEFT$(n$, LEN(n$) - 1)
    PLAY n$
END SUB

SUB cleargrid
    FOR y = 0 TO 15
        FOR x = 0 TO 15
            grid(x, y) = 0
        NEXT x
    NEXT y
END SUB
Code by JP

Example 4
Play strings starting with MB allow program code to run while music plays in the background.
' 2012, 2013 mennonite
' license: creative commons cc0 1.0 universal
' (public domain) http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

SCREEN 12 ' the following works in other screen modes, too
RANDOMIZE TIMER

PLAY "mb l4cf.l8el4fag.l8fl4gl8agl4f.l8fl4a>cl2dl4dl4c.<l8al4afg.l8fl4gl8agl4f.l8dl4dcl2f>l4dc.<l8al4afg.l8fl4g>dc.<l8al4a>cl2dl4dc.<l8al4afg.l8fl4gl8agl4f.l8dl4dcl1f"

DIM ccs(1 TO 9, 1 TO 2)
ccs(1, 1) = 415: ccs(1, 2) = 289
ccs(2, 1) = 185: ccs(2, 2) = 128
ccs(3, 1) = 108: ccs(3, 2) = 75
ccs(4, 1) = 70: ccs(4, 2) = 48
ccs(5, 1) = 48: ccs(5, 2) = 32
ccs(6, 1) = 32: ccs(6, 2) = 20
ccs(7, 1) = 20: ccs(7, 2) = 12
ccs(8, 1) = 10: ccs(8, 2) = 6
ccs(9, 1) = 2: ccs(9, 2) = 2

FOR extra = 1 TO 23
    FOR p = 1 TO 9
        gcolor INT(RND * 9 + 14 - 9)
        _DELAY .04
        CLS
        gscale p
        row = ccs(p, 1)
        cl = ccs(p, 2)
        glocate row, cl
        gprint "000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
        glocate row + 1, cl
        gprint "0x00x0xxxx0xxxx0xxxx0x0x000x00x0xxxx0x000x000x0x0xxxx0xxxx0xxxx000x00"
        glocate row + 2, cl
        gprint "0x00x0x00x0x00x0x00x0x0x000xx0x0x0000x000x000x0x0x0000x00x0x00x000x00"
        glocate row + 3, cl
        gprint "0xxxx0xxxx0xxxx0xxxx0x0x000x0xx0xxx00x0x0x000x0x0xxx00xxxx0xxxx000x00"
        glocate row + 4, cl
        gprint "0x00x0x00x0x0000x00000x0000x00x0x0000x0x0x0000x00x0000x00x0x0x0000000"
        glocate row + 5, cl
        gprint "0x00x0x00x0x0000x00000x0000x00x0xxxx0xx0xx0000x00xxxx0x00x0x00x000x00"
        glocate row + 6, cl
        gprint "000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
    NEXT p
    SLEEP 1
    IF INKEY$ = CHR$(27) THEN EXIT FOR
NEXT extra

END

SUB gscale (s):
    SHARED gscalep
    gscalep = INT(s)
END SUB

SUB gcolor (c):
    SHARED gcolorp
    gcolorp = c
END SUB

SUB gbackcolor (c):
    SHARED gbackcolorp
    gbackcolorp = c
END SUB

SUB glocate (row, column):
    SHARED gposxp
    SHARED gposyp
    gposyp = row
    gposxp = column
END SUB

SUB gprint (p$):
    SHARED gscalep
    SHARED gposxp, gposyp
    SHARED gcolorp, gbackcolorp
    ' # means "use the foreground color here."
    ' . means "use the background color here."
    ' _ means "transparent - don't draw this block at all" (you can layer!)
    ' 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,a,b,c,d,e,f means "do color attribute 0 to 15."
    ' any letter after f: "use the foreground color here."
    IF gscalep < 1 THEN gscalep = 1
    pcolorp = gcolorp
    FOR p = 1 TO LEN(p$):
        SELECT CASE LCASE$(MID$(p$, p, 1))
            CASE "#", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z"
                pcolorp = gcolorp
            CASE "."
                pcolorp = gbackcolorp
            CASE "_"
                pcolorp = -1
            CASE "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f"
                pcolorp = INSTR("0123456789abcdef", LCASE$(MID$(p$, p, 1))) - 1
        END SELECT
        IF NOT pcolorp = -1 THEN
            IF gscalep > 1 THEN
                LINE ((gposxp - 1) * gscalep, (gposyp - 1) * gscalep)-STEP(gscalep - 1, gscalep - 1), pcolorp, BF
            ELSE:
                PSET (gposxp, gposyp), pcolorp
            END IF
        END IF
        glocate gposyp, gposxp + 1
    NEXT p
    gposxp = 1
    glocate gposyp + 1, 1 'gposyp = gposyp + 1
END SUB
Code by Mennonite

Example 5
This example uses PRINT to good effect as string spacing is ignored by PLAY.
WIDTH 59, 28
PRINT
x$ = x$ + "   o3    l4         t         0120c    ml<f1   ,a      1,  "
x$ = x$ + "   >c    1,        mnf        .e  8f   am  l<   e1    ,g   "
x$ = x$ + "   1,    >c       1, mn       g.   f8  ga   8g   8m  l<    "
x$ = x$ + "   f2.,a2.,      >c   2.      ,m  nf   .f  8a     ml<f     "
x$ = x$ + "   ,a,>c,mn     >cd2.,<f2     .,d2     .,<b        -2      "
x$ = x$ + "   .m    lb    -,>d,f,mn>d    ml       <c          1,      "
x$ = x$ + "   <a    1,   f1         ,m   n>       >c          .<      "
x$ = x$ + "   a8    af  ml           c1  ,<       e1          ,g      "
x$ = x$ + "                                                           "
x$ = x$ + "      1,m      n>  g.f8ga8g8m  l<                   f1     "
x$ = x$ + "      ,d1,     <b  -1           ,m                 n>      "
x$ = x$ + "      >f .d    8d  c<            f2               .,       "
x$ = x$ + "      a2  .,   c2  .,>f2.         ml      <      b-        "
x$ = x$ + "      ,>   d,  f,  mn>dml          <c    1,<    a1         "
x$ = x$ + "      ,f    1, mn  >>               c.  <a 8a  fm          "
x$ = x$ + "      lc     2.,<  e2                .,g2   .,mn           "
x$ = x$ + "      >g      .f8  gml<b-,>d,         f,     mn            "
x$ = x$ + "                                                           "
x$ = x$ + ">d      ml  <<f2.,a2.,         >         c2.,m       n>  c."
x$ = x$ + " <a    8a   ml                <e,        g,  >c      ,m  n>"
x$ = x$ + "  cm  l<    <b               -2 .,       >d   2.     ,f  2."
x$ = x$ + "   ,mn>     d2.ml<          <b   -,      >d  ,f      ,m  n>"
x$ = x$ + "    dm      l<<f1,         a1,>c1,mn     >c.<a       8a  fm"
x$ = x$ + "    lc      1,            <e1,g1,mn>g    .f  8g      a8  g8"
x$ = x$ + "    ml      <<           b-         1,   >d   1,           "
x$ = x$ + "    f1      ,mn>f.d8dc  l1           ml  f,    c,    <a  ,f"
PRINT x$;
PLAY x$
Code by Luke

Example 6
Demonstrates usage of VARPTR$ with PLAY.
'Play scale in 7 different octaves
scale$ = "CDEFGAB"

play$ = "L16O=" + VARPTR$(i%) + "X" + VARPTR$(scale$)

FOR i% = 0 TO 6
    PLAY play$
NEXT

Example 7
Multi-voice PLAY demo.
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
' QB64-PE v4.0.0 multi-voice PLAY Demo by a740g
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

$IF VERSION < 4.0.0 THEN
    $ERROR This requires the latest version of QB64-PE from https://github.com/QB64-Phoenix-Edition/QB64pe/releases/latest
$END IF 

_DEFINE A-Z AS LONG
OPTION _EXPLICIT

CONST APP_NAME = "Multi-voice PLAY Demo"
CONST LOOPS = 3

_TITLE APP_NAME

DIM AS STRING CH0Verse_1, CH0Verse_2, CH1Verse_1, CH1Verse_2, CH2Verse_1, CH2Verse_2, CH2Verse_3, CH3Verse_1
DIM AS STRING Channel_0, Channel_1, Channel_2, Channel_3, Caption
DIM c AS LONG

DO
    DO
        CLS
        PRINT
        PRINT "Enter number for a tune to play."
        PRINT
        PRINT "1. Demo 1 by J. Baker"
        PRINT "2. Demo 2 by Wilbert Brants"
        PRINT "3. Demo 3 by Wilbert Brants"
        PRINT "4. Demo 4 by J. Baker"
        PRINT "5. Demo 5 by Wilbert Brants"
        PRINT
        INPUT "Your choice (0 exits)"; c
    LOOP WHILE c < 0 OR c > 7

    SELECT CASE c
        CASE 1
            Caption = "Demo 1 by J. Baker"

            144
            CH0Verse_1 = "t144 l4 q0 w1 o0 ^75_100 v32 w1 ^75_100 o0 dd2 w8 ^100_80 o4 c"
            CH0Verse_2 = "w4 ^75_100 o0 d2 w8 ^100_80 o4 cd"

            CH1Verse_1 = "t144 q0 w1 o2 /1^100_99 v31 l1 gba /1\20^25_79 l4 gab2"
            CH1Verse_2 = "v40 /9^100\1 l1 gba \2 l4 gab2"

            CH2Verse_1 = "t144 l4 w2 o3 q20 v33 r1r1"
            CH2Verse_2 = "cd>d<e"
            CH2Verse_3 = "cd>d2<"

            CH3Verse_1 = "t144 q0 w9 y15 o3 _100 v29 l8 d"

            Channel_0 = RepeatVerse(CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_2 + CH0Verse_2 + CH0Verse_2 + CH0Verse_2, LOOPS)
            Channel_1 = RepeatVerse(CH1Verse_1 + CH1Verse_1 + CH1Verse_2, LOOPS)
            Channel_2 = RepeatVerse(CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_2 + CH2Verse_2 + CH2Verse_2 + CH2Verse_3, LOOPS)
            Channel_3 = RepeatVerse(CH3Verse_1, 96 * LOOPS)

        CASE 2
            Caption = "Demo 2 by Wilbert Brants"

            CH0Verse_1 = "t103 w2 o0 q8 v38 L8 G4B-B-G4B-B-  G4>E-E-<G4>E-E-<  A>CF4<A>CF4<  F4AAGB->D4<"
            CH1Verse_1 = "t103 w1 o1 q2 v33 L8 GB->D4<GB->D4<  GB->E-<B-GB->E-<B-  A>CF4<A>CF4<  FA>C<AGB->D4<"
            CH2Verse_1 = "t103 w1 o3 q1 v35 L4 GG2G8F8 E-E-2E-8D8 CCCD E-2D2"
            CH2Verse_2 = "B-B-2B-8A8 GG2G8F8 CCCD E-2D2"
            CH2Verse_3 = "B-B-2B-8A8 GG2G8F8 ACFA G2D2"

            Channel_0 = CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1 + CH0Verse_1
            Channel_1 = CH1Verse_1 + CH1Verse_1 + CH1Verse_1 + CH1Verse_1
            Channel_2 = CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_2 + CH2Verse_1 + CH2Verse_3
            Channel_3 = _STR_EMPTY

        CASE 3
            Caption = "Demo 3 by Wilbert Brants"

            CH0Verse_1 = "t144 w2 o0 q16 v22 l8 v+cv-ceeg4 v+ f v- faa>cc< v+ c v- ceeg4 v+ f v- faa>cc< ggbb>d4< q8 g4c2"
            CH1Verse_1 = "t144 w1 o1 q2 v20 l4 gec f2a8c8 gec f2a8c8 gbd ec2"
            CH2Verse_1 = "t144 w3 o3 q2 v22 l8 cegceg l4 caf l8 cegceg l4 caf l8 gbdgbd l4 cgg"

            Channel_0 = RepeatVerse(CH0Verse_1, LOOPS)
            Channel_1 = RepeatVerse(CH1Verse_1, LOOPS)
            Channel_2 = RepeatVerse(CH2Verse_1, LOOPS)
            Channel_3 = _STR_EMPTY

        CASE 4
            Caption = "Demo 4 by J. Baker"

            Channel_0 = "t120 w1 o0 q2 v20 l8 <dced> dcge4 l4 q1 <d1> r8 l8 q2 dg l4 q1 <d1> l8 q2 dge q1 <d1> q2 dcdrr v+ <<dd>> v- r"
            Channel_1 = "t120 w1 o1 q1 v21 l8 >dcde< dcde#4 l4 >d1< l8 de l4 >f1 l8 ddfe1< dedfe dd r4"
            Channel_2 = _STR_EMPTY
            Channel_3 = _STR_EMPTY

        CASE 5
            Caption = "Demo 5 by Wilbert Brants"

            CH0Verse_1 = "T103 q16 O0 V22 W2 L4 V+CV-E8E8 <FA> <V+GV-B8B8> CE"
            CH1Verse_1 = "T103 q8 O2 V22 W1 L8 CEG>C< <FA>CF <GB>DG CEG>C<"
            CH2Verse_1 = "T103 q1 O3 v60 W4 L4 CEC<G> CEC2 CEC<G> CE16R16E16R16C2 CEC<G> CEC2 CEC<G> C<G16>R16E16R16C2"

            Channel_0 = RepeatVerse(CH0Verse_1, 4 * LOOPS)
            Channel_1 = RepeatVerse(CH1Verse_1, 4 * LOOPS)
            Channel_2 = RepeatVerse(CH2Verse_1, LOOPS)
            Channel_3 = _STR_EMPTY

        CASE ELSE
            EXIT DO ' Exit program
    END SELECT

    PlayMML Channel_0, Channel_1, Channel_2, Channel_3, Caption
LOOP

SYSTEM

SUB PlayMML (chan0 AS STRING, chan1 AS STRING, chan2 AS STRING, chan3 AS STRING, caption AS STRING)
    PLAY chan0, chan1, chan2, chan3

    PRINT
    PRINT "Playing "; caption; "..."

    DIM curLine AS LONG: curLine = CSRLIN

    DO
        _LIMIT 15

        LOCATE curLine, 1
    LOOP WHILE DisplayVoiceStats

    SLEEP 1
    _KEYCLEAR
END SUB

FUNCTION RepeatVerse$ (verse AS STRING, count AS _UNSIGNED LONG)
    DIM buffer AS STRING

    DIM i AS _UNSIGNED LONG

    WHILE i < count
        buffer = buffer + verse
        i = i + 1
    WEND

    RepeatVerse = buffer
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION DisplayVoiceStats%%
    STATIC voiceTotalTime(0 TO 3) AS DOUBLE

    DIM voiceElapsedTime(0 TO 3) AS DOUBLE
    DIM i AS LONG

    FOR i = 0 TO 3
        voiceElapsedTime(i) = PLAY(i)

        IF voiceElapsedTime(i) > voiceTotalTime(i) THEN
            voiceTotalTime(i) = voiceElapsedTime(i)
        END IF

        PRINT USING "Voice #: ### of ### seconds left"; i; voiceElapsedTime(i); voiceTotalTime(i)
    NEXT i

    DIM playing AS _BYTE: playing = voiceElapsedTime(0) > 0 _ORELSE voiceElapsedTime(1) > 0 _ORELSE voiceElapsedTime(2) > 0 _ORELSE voiceElapsedTime(3) > 0

    IF NOT playing THEN
        FOR i = 0 TO 3
            voiceTotalTime(i) = 0
        NEXT i
    END IF

    DisplayVoiceStats = playing
END FUNCTION


See also



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