ENVIRON$

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The ENVIRON$ function returns a STRING environmental value from Windows' environmental settings list.


Syntax

setting$ = ENVIRON$({listIndex%|systemID$})


Description

  • The function can use an INTEGER listIndex% value or STRING systemID$ parameter.
  • listIndex% refers to the number order of the environmental list. Returns are not in any particular numerical order.
  • systemID$ is the specific STRING parameter requested. Returns only the specified environmental STRING setting:
    • "BLASTER" = current Sound Blaster settings if installed.
    • "COMPUTERNAME" or "USERDOMAIN" = OEM PC serial number or the computer name assigned by owner.
    • "HOMEDRIVE" or "SystemDrive" = Windows root drive, normally C: on single partition drives.
    • "HOMEPATH" = current user's Administrator or the single user's "OWNER" folder path.
    • "OS" = Windows Operating System version. Often WindowsNT in modern computers.
    • "PATH" = full path setting that Windows uses to look for file extensions in PATHEXT below.
    • "PATHEXT = Windows extensions used: COM, EXE, BAT, CMD, VBS, VBE, JS, JSE, WSF, WSH, MSC
    • "PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE" = x86 for 32 or 64 bit.
    • "PROGRAMFILES" = path to Program files folder, normally "C:\PROGRAM FILES"
    • "PROMPT" = normally "$P$G" on Windows NT.
    • "SYSTEMROOT" or "windir" = path to the Windows folder including the drive letter like "C:\WINDOWS"
    • "TEMP" or "TMP" = path to TEMP folder. "C:\TEMP" or the user specific temp folder on later versions.
    • "USERNAME" = current Administrator name or "OWNER".
Note: There are other possible system settings that are not listed or never used on older versions. Run Example 1 below for a complete list in your system.
  • Note: QB64 may not return the same environment list as QBasic or SET did in DOS.


Examples

Example 1: Viewing the list of environmental parameter settings using a counter loop like SET does in DOS. 

DO
  i = i + 1
  setting$ = ENVIRON$(i) ' get a setting from the list
  PRINT setting$
  IF i MOD 20 = 0 THEN PRINT "Press a key": SLEEP: CLS
LOOP UNTIL setting$ = ""

ALLUSERSPROFILE=C:\ProgramData
COMPUTERNAME=TED-LAPTOP
ComSpec=C:\WINDOWS\system32\cmd.exe
HOMEDRIVE=C:
HOMEPATH=\Users\Ted
LOCALAPPDATA=C:\Users\Ted\AppData\Local
OS=Windows_NT
Path=C:\PROGRAMDATA\ORACLE\JAVA\JAVAPATH;C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM32;C:\WINDOWS;
C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM32\WBEM;C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM32\WINDOWSPOWERSHELL\V1.0\;C:\
WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\System32
\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\
PATHEXT=.COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE=x86
PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER=x86 Family 6 Model 14 Stepping 8, GenuineIntel
ProgramFiles=C:\Program Files
PROMPT=$P$G
PSModulePath=C:\WINDOWS\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules\
SystemRoot=C:\WINDOWS
TEMP=C:\Users\TED\AppData\Local\Temp
TMP=C:\Users\TED\AppData\Local\Temp
USERDOMAIN=TED-LAPTOP
USERNAME=Ted
USERPROFILE=C:\Users\Ted
Note: Windows environmental settings are listed alphabetically, 20 at a time. QB64 may not read all of them or may return an empty string. The settings above were returned with SET in DOS. PROMPT returned nothing where SET returned $P$G.


Example 2: Creating a shortcut on a user's desktop for QB64.EXE using the program's icon. Must be run in program's folder to work! 

'=== Enter the EXE file and ICON or BMP image for the shortcut.

Program$ = "QB64.EXE"  '<<<<<<<<<< Enter the exact program name for shortcut
ICON$ = "QB64ICON.BMP" '<<<<<<<<<< Enter icon or bitmap to use from program's folder

DeskTopShortcut Program$, ICON$

END             '====== END DEMO CODE ======

SUB DeskTopShortcut (Program$, ICON$)
f = FREEFILE
SHELL _HIDE "CD > PRGMDIR.INF"  'get the current program path
OPEN "PRGMDIR.INF" FOR INPUT AS #f
LINE INPUT #f, PATH$
CLOSE #f
KILL "PRGMDIR.INF"
PATH$ = PATH$ + "\": FILE$ = PATH + Program$
PRINT PATH$                         'DEMO print
A$ = ENVIRON$("HOMEDRIVE")          '=== Get Current User setting from Environment.
B$ = ENVIRON$("HOMEPATH")
C$ = A$ + B$                        'shortcut to user's desktop if found

IF C$ = "" THEN C$ = ENVIRON$("ALLUSERSPROFILE") 'try desktop for all users
PRINT C$                            'DEMO print
URLFILE$ = MID$(Program$, 1, INSTR(Program$, ".")) + "URL" 'change EXE to URL

IF C$ > "" THEN
     SHORTCUT$ = C$ + "\Desktop\" + URLFILE$ 'create filename for the desktop
ELSE SHORTCUT$ = PATH$ + URLFILE$   'if all else fails put in program folder
END IF
PRINT SHORTCUT                      'DEMO print
OPEN SHORTCUT$ FOR APPEND AS #f
IF LOF(f) THEN CLOSE #f: EXIT SUB   '=== if filesize is NOT Zero don't overwrite!

Q$ = CHR$(34)                       '=== Write URL Shortcut file info.
PRINT #f, "[InternetShortcut]"                    'URL type
PRINT #f, "URL=" + Q$ + "file://" + FILE$ + Q$    'URL program file
PRINT #f, "WorkingDirectory=" + Q$ + PATH$ + Q$   'Working path
PRINT #f, "IconIndex = " + Q$ + "0" + Q$          '0 is first index
PRINT #f, "IconFile = " + Q$ + PATH$ + ICON$ + Q$ 'Icon path in working folder
CLOSE #f
END SUB
Adapted from code by Dav
Explanation: The SUB program finds the current program's path and user's desktop path. It then creates the shortcut on the desktop with a program icon. The custom icon should be in the program's folder. If an environmental path is not found, the shortcut is placed in the program's folder. The SUB can be added to any program.
NOTE: A temorary file named PRGMDIR.INF is created and deleted in the example above.


See also


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