POKE

The POKE statement sets the value of a specified memory address offset. QB64 currently has limited access!

Syntax

POKE segment_offset, offset_value

• Writes a value to the segment_offset address in memory.
• POKE can only be used to set a value from 0 to 255 (one byte).
• A segment should be defined using DEF SEG, if you don't define a segment qbasics ordinary segment will be used.
• POKE sends byte values to memory areas. It does not directly access registers.
• Important SCREEN segments using PEEK and POKE include &HB800 (text segment) and &HA000 (graphics segment).
• DEF SEG should always be used to reset the default segment when access to other memory is no longer necessary.
• POKE is safer to use than OUT which could damage a PC register.
• Warning: DEF SEG, VARSEG , VARPTR, PEEK or POKE access QB64's emulated 16 bit conventional memory block!

It is highly recommended that QB64's _MEM memory system be used to avoid running out of memory.

Example 1: Turning keyboard Lock and Insert modes on and off.

DEF SEG = 0 oldsetting% = PEEK(1047) POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) OR 16 ' ENABLES SCROLL LOCK POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) OR 32 ' ENABLES NUMBER LOCK POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) OR 64 ' ENABLES CAPS LOCK POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) OR 128 ' ENABLES INSERT MODE DEF SEG

Note: Use XOR instead of OR above to alternate between on and off modes.

DEF SEG = 0 oldsetting% = PEEK(1047) POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) AND 239 ' TURNS OFF SCROLL LOCK (239 = 255 - 16) POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) AND 223 ' TURNS OFF NUMBER LOCK (223 = 255 - 32) POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) AND 191 ' TURNS OFF CAPS LOCK (191 = 255 - 64) POKE 1047,PEEK(1047) AND 127 ' TURNS OFF INSERT MODE (127 = 255 - 128) DEF SEG

Note: Using AND requires that the bit value is subtracted from 255 to turn off a bit. The above examples won't work in NT.

Warning: The keyboard lights may NOT change so it is a good idea to restore the original settings!

Example 2: A small PEEK and POKE fractal program.

SCREEN 13 DEF SEG = &HA000 'set to read screen buffer DO FOR a& = 0 TO 65535 POKE a&, PEEK((a& * 2) AND &HFFFF&) + 1 NEXT _LIMIT 25 LOOP UNTIL INKEY$ <> "" DEF SEG

Example 3: Highlighting a row of text in Screen 0

minX = 20: maxX = 60: minY = 10: maxY = 24 selection = 0 'the screen Y coordinate of the previously highlighted item FOR i% = 1 TO 25: LOCATE i%, 40: PRINT i%;: NEXT DO: _LIMIT 100 IF _MOUSEINPUT THEN 'Un-highlight any selected row IF selection THEN selectRow selection, minX, maxX, 0 x = CINT(_MOUSEX) y = CINT(_MOUSEY) IF x >= minX AND x <= maxX AND y >= minY AND y <= maxY THEN selection = y ELSE selection = 0 END IF 'Highlight any selected row IF selection THEN SelectRow selection, minX, maxX, 2 IF _MOUSEBUTTON(1) THEN LOCATE 1, 2: PRINT x, y, selection END IF LOOP UNTIL INKEY$ <> "" SUB SelectRow (y, x1, x2, col) DEF SEG = &HB800 addr& = (x1 - 1 + (y - 1) * _WIDTH) * 2 + 1 FOR x = x1 TO x2 oldCol = PEEK(addr&) AND &B10001111 ' Mask foreground color and blink bit POKE addr&, oldCol OR ((col AND &B111) * &B10000) ' Apply background color addr& = addr& + 2 NEXT END SUB

More Examples

• SelectScreen

See also

• DEF SEG, DEF SEG = 0 (reference)
• PEEK (read memory), OUT (write to register)
• VARSEG, VARPTR
• _MEMGET (function), _MEMPUT
• Scancodes (demo), Screen Memory
• PEEK and POKE Library

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